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udy............ 41
5.4 Suggestions for Further Study............ 42

Chapter Four Results and Discussion

In this chapter, the validity and reliability of the statistics are ensured, and the datacollected from the tests of the breadth of vocabulary knowledge and the depth ofvocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension are presented and discussed. Andthen, according to the grades of these examinations, the research questions in chapterthree are answered and the author discusses the correlation and the regression amongthe breadth of vocabulary knowledge, the depth of vocabulary knowledge and listeningcomprehension. It presents the data analysis of the experiment with SPSS 16.0 andillustrates the correlation and regression between vocabulary knowledge and theirlistening comprehension. It also discusses and analyzes the possible reasons underlyingthese results.

4.1 The Validity and Reliability of the Statistics

The results of the three tests are presented descriptively. All the test results areanalyzed by SPSS 16.0 software.The test for breadth of vocabulary knowledge, Vocabulary Levels Test, wasdesigned by Paul Nation used by English teachers as a diagnostic vocabulary test. In1983, this test appeared and was published in Nation’s book. Then Read (1988, citedfrom Schmitt, Schmitt and Clapham, 2001) made many validation studies on this test,and the results showed that it is a reliable test. It was regarded as a reliable instrumentfor breadth of vocabulary knowledge by a large number of L2 researchers. Theinstrument of breadth of vocabulary knowledge almost contains all the contents ofbreadth of vocabulary knowledge. What’s more, it has been widely used by Laufer,Qian and Nauman.The depth of vocabulary knowledge, Word Association Test, aims to check alearner’s depth of English vocabulary knowledge, that contains three aspects:synonymy, polysemy and association. It is a fact that meaning and collocation wereidentified as the primary components of vocabulary knowledge. And in ZhangXiaodong’s research, the internal consistent reliability coefficient of the breadth ofvocabulary knowledge is 0.82, whereas the internal consistent reliability coefficient ofthe depth of vocabulary knowledge is 0.76. So, these two tests are proved that they area reliable and valid instrument for vocabulary knowledge testing.Listening comprehension test, Test for English Majors Band Four, has alreadybeen tested and accepted by experts with high reliability. So, all the test scores werecomposed of mean, maximum, standard deviation and minimum.

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Conclusion

At the end of the thesis, the conclusion part of the whole research summarizes themajor findings and some limitations of the study, and presents the pedagogicalimplications for both teaching and learning along with the author’s suggestions forfurther research. Vocabulary knowledge is the precondition of language learning, andthe ability of listening is the most important one among the four traditional Englishlanguage skills. Meanwhile, vocabulary knowledge plays an important role in listeningcomprehension. Listening comprehension is difficult for English students all over theworld. So, this study of the effect of vocabulary knowledge on listeningcomprehension is very significant and important which arouses the awareness bothteachers’ and students’.The purpose of the present research