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ghts that alearner engages in during learning that are intended to influence the learner’s encoding process.Chamot 1987: Learning strategies are techniques, approaches or deliberate actions thatstudents take in order to facilitate the learning, recall of both linguistic and content asinformation.Rubin 1987: Learning strategies are strategies which contribute to the development of thelanguage system which the learner constructs and affect learning directly.Oxford 1989: Language learning strategies are behaviors or actions which learners use tomake language learning more successful, self-directed and enjoyable.O'Malley and Chamot 1990: Language learning strategies are thoughts or behaviors thatindividuals use to help them comprehend, learn or retain new information.Richards and Plat 1992: Language learning strategies are intentional behavior andthoughts used by learners during learning so as to better help them understand, learn, orremember new information.Stern 1992: The concept of learning strategy is dependent on the assumption that learnersconsciously engage in activities to achieve certain goals and learning strategies that can beregarded as broadly conceived intentional directions and learning techniques.
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2.2 Introduction of Reading Strategies
Reading is a complicated information approaching process in which readers get, processand create information with the help of language knowledge and background knowledge. Ofcourse, natural talent plays a part in reading competence, but more importantly, learning sometechniques and skills will help improve one’s performance. What are reading strategies? It is hard to define reading strategies but the definition isbeing matured as more discussions take place. Some researchers define it as follows.Barnett (1988) defines reading strategies as the mental operations involved when readersapproach a text effectively to make sense of what they have read. Wallace (1992) puts forwardthat reading strategies are some reading skills which are carefully chosen and flexibly applied interms of types, content and purposes. Cohen (1998) regards reading strategies as the mentalprocesses that readers consciously choose to use in accomplishing reading tasks.The author holds that reading strategies are the measures taken to assure efficient reading,which involves conscious control of reading procedure and flexible application of techniquesand skills. Besides, language knowledge, background knowledge and reading strategies are themost important factors determining the success in reading.
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Chapter 3 Methodology............
3.1 Objectives............19
3.2 Subjects ............19
3.3 Instruments ............19
3.4 Procedures ............ 20
3.4.1 The Preparing Stage .......20
3.4.2 The Experimental Stage .............20
3.4.3 Data Collection and Analysis Period......20
3.5 The Training of Reading Strategies in the Experimental Class............20
3.6 A Model of Reading Strategy Training............27
3.7 A Teaching Case of Reading Strategy Training............28
Chapter 4 Data Analysis............34
4.1 Data Analysis of the Questionnaire ............34
4.2 Data Analysis of the Pretest and Posttest............36
4.2.1 Data Analysis of the Pretest ............. 36
4.2.2 Data Analysis of the Posttest............ 37
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