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I investigate the recent Japanese shojo manga (girl’s comic) and women’s magazine and observe how young ladies speak in their daily conservation in order to have more thorough understanding of the gendered speech pattern in Japan nowadays. Regarding to (Endo 2006), the traditional ideal Japanese women focus on discipline, virtues, conduct, and appropriate usage of linguistic forms. The “appropriate linguistic” here means the orthodox of the Japanese feminine speech. However, according to my research, the orthodox form in the manga and magazines is not appear as often as before anymore. I found that the common forms that appears in these areas can be divided into 3 groups and I define these groups as 3 Ks which are kirei, kawaii and kakkoi, this is not uncommon to see the Japanese women’s magazines like Zipper and Vivi try to teach young women how to wear make up and dress up in order to fit in one of the 3 Ks.

KIREI (beautiful)

This is what the Japanese so called “bijin”.(beauty)

This style of speech refers to the traditional feminine speech, which emphasizes on the beauty and femineity of Japanese women. The origin to this speech can be traced back to the late Meiji period, in order to achieve the ideology of ryoosai kembo shugi (good wife and wise mother), which is based on the idea of Confucian, the then government strongly encouraged females to use more feminine speech for the purpose of modernizing Japan. The objective of this is to reinforce the concept of dan-son, jo-hi (men superior, women inferior) (Endo 2006) and eventually push ahead the development of Japanese women’s language in Japan.

In order to be qualified as onnarashisa (Japanese womanliness), women are supposed to speak more politely and indirectly than men. They talk in a high-pitch voice and employ these styles of speech to allow women to sound more elegant and mature.

This traditional form of speech in the Japanese society is unreplaceable as there is a saying that onna no miryoku wa hanashi-katashidai (women’s attractiveness depends on how they speak), Japanese believe that women who utilize the feminine style of speech will definitely become prettier as the style beautify words in their daily life by simply adding prefixes like “go” or “o” to some words. Examples are goshujin (husband), okane (money) and ohashi (chopsticks). Putting all these prefixes to words will give the impression of being well educated.

KAWAII (cute)

This group refers to women who dress up in girlish styles and use the linguistic form of burikko (pretend child).

Instead of using the traditional Japanese feminine language, young population are now switching to wakai mono no kotoba (young people’s speech) or even using a new form of speech called burikko in order to keep the balance between masculine and feminine. The meaning of this word means “to pre本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。