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t thought. Based onMarx and En gel's theory, ideology is a whole concept, indicating people's perceptionsof political and economic realities. Since then, the term "ideology"' becomes Ihc keyconcept in the field of sociology and its definition has undergone extensive revision.For Gramsci, ideology is "the terrain on which men move, acquire consciousness oftheir position, struggle, etc" (Gramsci, 1971: 377). According to Van Dijk. ideologiesare special forms of social cognition shared by social groups from the basis of thesocial representations and practices of group members, including their discourse、which at the same lime serves as the means of ideological production, reproductionand challenge (Van Dijk, 2009:12).
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2.2 Previous Studies on Language Ideology
As the concept of language ideology consists of two parts, namely, language andideology，it has been discussed and studied by scholars from various fields in thehistory. They explored the relationship between language and ideology andendeavored to figure out the influence and implication of language spread and usefrom an ideological point of view.Since the term "ideology" derives from philosophy, philosophers explored therelationship between language and ideology speculatively, which offers the theoreticalfoundation for the research on language and ideology. Most of the relevantphilosophers, like Hegel, Marx, and Althusser. to name just a few. hold- the view thatlanguage cannot be separated from ideology and functions as merely a way ofcommunication and language has subtle ideological influence in the socialization ofpeople. Because the discussion of language ideology from philosophical point of viewis out of the scope of linguistics, the thesis just gives a very brief introduction to theprevious study in this field.In the inter-disciplinary field of linguistics, sociology and anthropology, thestudy on language ideology provides insightful views through case studies in relatedfield.
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Chapter Three Language and Power........  11
3.1 Language ideology and Power.......  11
3.2 The Establishment of World Language....... 12
3.2.1 British Promotion of English....... 13
3.2.2 American Promotion of English.......14
3.3 The Power of L:nglish-spcaking Countries....... 15
Chapter Four Language and Identity .......23
4.1 Dynamics of Identity .......23
4.2 Multiple Language Ideologies.......   24
4.3 Language and National Identity....... 25
4.4 Code-switching and Social Identity.......   34
4.4.1 Code-switching in Local Context .......35
4.4.2 Code-switching in Foreign Context....... 37
Chapter Five Language Policy and Pedagogy....... 39
5.1 Language Ideology and Language Policy....... 39
5.2 Ideological Factors in Policy Making....... 41

Chapter Five Language Policy and Pedagogy

5.1 Language Ideology and Language Policy
Language policy is defined by PhiJlipson and Skutnabb-Kangas as ‘‘decisions onrights and access to languages and on the roles and functions of particular languagesand varieties of language in a given policy" (Phillipson & Skutnabb-Kangas.1996:434). Language policy deals本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。