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s present in English hard news discourse?  3.  What  interpersonal  functions  can  heteroglossia  realize  in  English  hard  news discourse? 
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Chapter 2 Literature Review

Heteroglossia and hard news are two crucial notions in this thesis. In this chapter, basic and  clear definitions  and  explanations  of  these  two  concepts  will  be  presented. Moreover, previous studies of heteroglossia and hard news, at home and abroad, will be reviewed to make sure that readers can get a general understanding in advance. 

2.1 Overview of Heteroglossia 
The word of polyphony in musicology means music composed of different tones or  voice  parts.  Mikhail  Bakhtin  referenced  that  notion  and  created  a  new  word, heteroglossia  in  English,  to  explain  multiple  voices  in  literary  novels.  Bakhtin introduced  the  notion  of  heteroglossia  in  his  1934  paper  Discourse  in  the  Novel  and widely  adopted  it  to  interpret  the  main  feature  of  novels  written  by  Dostoevsky,  a novelist in Russia.  Bakhtin  regarded  language  not  as  “an  abstract  system  of  linguistic forms—lexicon,  morphology,  and  syntax—but  as  speech”.  (Marysia  Johnson, 2003:121) He insisted that the vitality of novel may depend on the coexistence of, and the conflict among, different types of speech which cover the speech of characters, the speech  of  narrators,  and  even  the  speech  of  author.  The  basic  unit  of  speech,  in Bakhtin’s view, was the utterance which was believed to possess a characteristic of responsiveness.  Because  of  this  feature,  Bakhtin  affirmed  that  all  utterances  may presuppose a dialogic relation and evoke multiple voices. Heteroglossia is closely related to Bakhtin’s Theory of Dialogism and is deemed to  be  a  crucial  development  of  dialogic  feature  in  European  fictions.  In  Bakhtin's point  of  view,  the  linguistic  charm  of  novel  was  reflected  in  an  expression  of  the conflicts among voices through their adscription to different characters in the novel’s discourse.  Heteroglossia  in  literary  field  means  that  there  are  mutually  independent and  incompatible  voices  or  awareness  belonging  to  different  characters,  especially those voices  of  characters  isolated from  the authorial  voice,  in  one  literary  work.  As shown in  novels  written by  Dostoevsky,  different  voices  coexist  with  each  other  and the status  of character’s voice is consistent  with the voice of the novelist.  Even  at times, nove本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。