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本文是一篇英语语言学论文题目，本文以批评隐喻分析为分析框架，借助于Wmatrix5在线语料分析工具和AntConc3.5.9语料库软件，对美国几所著名大学的校长所作毕业典礼演讲进行了定性和定量分析，旨在探究毕业典礼演讲中主要运用了哪些隐喻、隐喻如何传递教育理念以及演讲者为何使用这些隐喻。

Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Research Background

The 2023 QS World University Rankings published on 8 June,2022 shows that the numberof American universities accounts for roughly half of the top 100 universities.The finding canimply the advancement of American higher Education to a certain degree.The reason whyAmerican higher education is advanced cannot be explained without considering its highereducational philosophy.Educational philosophy is abstract,but as the core of higher education,itplays an essential role in guiding higher education.The abstract educational philosophy can beexplored with the tangible commencement speeches delivered by university presidents ofAmerican universities.Commencement ceremonies are a necessary means by which the fouryears of college are shaped into and become an experience.What’s more,a commencementspeech is important for inspiring graduating students who will get into the workforce.Thisspeech is to simply prepare students to see the bigger picture.Thus,university presidents,as therepresentatives of universities,not only express their personal wishes to graduates but alsoimplicitly convey educational philosophy to guide graduates to be what the universities wantthem to be in commencement speeches.In order to better persuade graduates to accept the ideasof speeches,university presidents usually use metaphors in commencement speeches.Thecognitive turn of metaphors shows that thoughts and ideas are metaphorically constructed.Metaphors are the linguistic evidence of thoughts and ideas.Therefore,analyzing metaphors in commencement speeches made by American university presidents can be feasible and effectiveto uncover American higher educational philosophy.

1.2 Research Purpose and Significance

The purpose of the study is to explore conceptual metaphors in commencement speeches bypresidents of some leading American universities.The universities are chosen based on the 2023QS World University Rankings.The commencement speeches made by university presidentsduring the last ten years(2013-2022)will be selected as data.

Following the procedures of Critical Metaphor Analysis,this thesis attempts to explore themain types of conceptual metaphors used by American university presidents in theircommencement speeches,the operating mechanisms of conceptual metaphors to conveyeducational philosophy in commencement speeches,and the potential factors influencing thechoice-making of major conceptual metaphors in American universities’commencementspeeches in details.

The significance of this study can be discussed in the following three aspects.Firstly,it willshed some light on how the use of conceptual metaphors benefits American university presidentsin conveying their educational ideas effectively in commencement speeches.Secondly,this studywill reveal the educational philosophy and show the social function of American universities.Thus,the understanding of American higher education can be deepened to a certain degree.Thirdly,applying Critical Metaphor Analysis to commencement speeches made by universitypresidents can further enrich the application scope of Critical Metaphor Analysis.

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