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exports refer to difference between exports and imports.
Theoretically, GDP calculated by using the three methods should be equal. However, in practice, due to different sources of data for the three different methods, different data processing conversion methods and other reasons, results acquired by using the three methods will be different.
New Zealand's method of calculating GDP is expenditure method. In 2014, for example, its consumption was 34.46 billion, the business investment was 61.60 billion, the government purchases was 64 billion, the net exports was -0.86 billion. According to the expenditure method formula: 34.46 +61.60 +79-0.86 = 174.2 billion, thus, in 2014, New Zealand's GDP was 174.2 billion dollars (Tradingeconomics, 2017).

2.5 World business cycle
Business cycle generally refers to the regular expansion and contraction that economic activity experiences along the overall trend of economic development, it is a periodic fluctuation of contraction and expansion of national income or overall economic activity.
Fluctuation is characterized by widespread and contemporaneous expansion and contraction of many components of economy, usually for a period of 2 to 10 years. Each business cycle can be divided into two stages of rise and fall. The rising phase is also called prosperity, and the highest point is called the peak. However, the peak is the turning point of economy from flourishing to failure, after that, economy enters a decline phase, that is recession. If recession is serious, the economy will enter recession, the lowest point of recession is known as the bottom. Of course, the bottom of the economy is also a turning point from the decline to the flourishing, after that, the economy enters a rising stage. Economy from one peak to another peak, or from a bottom to another bottom is a complete business cycle (Giorgi and Gambetti, 2017).
The rise of business cycle is the season when the macroeconomic environment and the market environment are becoming more and more active. At this time, the market demand, orders are full, goods are best-selling, production rises, cash flows flexibly. Enterprises are in a more lenient and favorable external environment. In the season when there is decline in business cycle, consumer demand, investment declines sharply; the demand for labor, output declines, corporate profits decline sharply, stock prices and interest rates will generally decline (Yépez, 2017).
From 2010 to 2016, the world economy was in the recession stage of business cycle. Specific evidence was shown as follows. First, the world economic recession resulted in sluggish exports and investment shrinking, debt crisis emerged in many countries, the most famous is the debt crisis in Europe. The economic recession is one of the important reasons leading to the European debt crisis. The European debt crisis has caused the shrinkage of EU demand and the rise of trade protectionism, which has negative effects on the development of the world economy. In the EU, the Eurozone economic downturn has a direct impact on British economy, disrupting the British government