英语论文网

of light at that microlens.
This paper explains the optical recipe of this camera in detail,and develops its theory of operation. We describe an implementationusing a medium format digital camera and microlens array. Usingthis prototype, we have performed resolution experiments thatcorroborate the limits of refocusing predicted by the theory. Finally,we demonstrate examples of refocusing and view-point manipulationinvolving close-up macro subjects, human portraits, andhigh-speed action.
2 Related Work
The optical design of our camera is very similar to that of Adelsonand Wang’s plenoptic camera [1992]. Compared to Adelson andWang, our prototype contains two fewer lenses, which significantlyshortens the optical path, resulting in a portable camera. These differencesare explained in more detail Section 3.1 once sufficienttechnical background has been introduced. The other main differencebetween our work is in application. We demonstrate use of thecamera for synthetic image formation, especially refocusing of photographs,which was not mentioned by Adelson and Wang. Theyproposed the camera primarily as a device for range-finding, wheredepth is deduced by analyzing the continuum of stereo views comingfrom different portions of the main lens aperture. We would liketo acknowledge their foresight, however, in anticipating classicallight field rendering by describing how to move the photographer’sviewpoint within the disk of the lens aperture.The plenoptic camera has its roots in the integral photographymethods pioneered by Lippman [1908] and Ives [1930]. Numerousvariants of integral cameras have been built over the last century,and many are described in books on 3D imaging [Javidi and Okano2002; Okoshi 1976]. For example, systems very similar to Adelsonand Wang’s were built by Okano et al. [1999] and Naemuraet al. [2001], using graded-index (GRIN) microlens arrays. Anotherintegral imaging system is the Shack-Hartmann sensor usedfor measuring aberrations in a lens [Tyson 1991]. A different approachto capturing light fields in a single exposure is an array ofcameras [Wilburn et al. 2005].It is also worth comparing our optical design to three other existingoptical systems. The first is the modern, conventional photosensorarray that uses microlenses in front of every pixel to concentratelight onto the photosensitive region [Ishihara and Tanigaki 1983;Gordon et al. 1991]. One can interpret the optical design in thispaper as an evolutionary step in which we use not a single detectorbeneath each microlens, but rather an array of detectors capable offorming an image.The second comparison is to artifical compound eye sensors (insecteyes) composed of a microlens array and photosensor. This is

References
ADELSON, T., AND WANG, J. Y. A. 1992. Single lens stereo with a
plenoptic camera. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
Intelligence 14, 2 (Feb), 99–106.
AGARWALA, A., DONTCHEVA, M., AGRAWALA, M., DRUCKER, S.,
COLBURN, A., CURLESS, B., SALESIN, D., AND COHEN, M. 2004.
Interactive digital photomontage. ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proceedings
of SIGGRAPH 2004) 23, 3, 292–300.
ASKEY, P., 2004. Digital cameras timeline: 2004. Digital Photography
Review, https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/timeline.asp?start=2004.
BARLOW, H. B. 1952. The size of ommatidia in apposition eyes. Journal
of Experimental Biology 29, 4, 667–674.
DOWSKI, E. R., AND JOHNSON, G. E. 1999. Wavefront coding: A modern
method of ac本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。