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摘要：As an English major who has been studying English for almost fourteen years,the author realizes that even advanced English learners like her can not avoidcommitting pragmatic failure during daily communication sometimes, let alonethose less proficient ones.

ause of the increasing pragmaticfailures in the international market, since appropriate utterance is more criticalthan grammatical correctness in intercultural communication, and the importanceof Business English mastering is revealed prominent.

1.2 Aims and Possible Significance of the Study
Pragmatic failure is thought to occur more frequently in communicationsbetween native and non-native speakers, but it also occurs between people whospeak the same language. Just as Professor Hu Wenzhong (1999:1) who definesintercultural communication as "communication between people with differentcultural backgrounds". Because it is difficult to find two people with absolute thesame cultural background，pragmatic failure may occur in every context ofintercultural communication,Some linguists believe that language displays culture. Without culture input,one can not master a foreign language well. Western educators share the commonopinion that communicative failure is generated from two main causes，one islanguage mistake, and the other is culture mistake which is considered to takemore responsibility. Levi son (1983) puts forward that grammatical mistakes andpragmatic failures may aggravate or get in the way of communication.

Chapter Two Literature Review

2.1 Recent studies on Intercultural Pragmatic Failure both at Home and Abroad
In recent 30 years, more and more attention has been put on studyingpragmatic failure; and there appear many studies concerned with pragmatic failure.In this section，various definitions and classifications are to be discussed.

2.1.1 Definitions of Pragmatic Failure
Jenny Thomas is the first one who proposes the concept of pragmatic failurein his article "intercultural pragmatic failure" in 1983. Thomas (1983:91) definespragmatic failure as “the inability to understand what is meant by what is said.”，and she (1983:94) notes that pragmatic failure has occurred on any occasion “ Onwhich H (the hearer) perceives the force of S，s (the speaker's) utterance as otherthan S intended she or he should perceive it”. Thomas' study provides a theoreticalbasement for the coming researches which are conducted by scholars both at homeand abroad.

Chapter Three Theoretical Framework........... 31-40
    3.1 Pragmatic Competence & Communicative...........31-35
        3.1.1 Pragmatic Competence ...........32-33
        3.1.2 Communicative Competence...........33
        3.1.3 The Relationship Between Pragmatic Competence...........33-34
        Competence ...........34-35
    3.2 Pragmatic Failure........... 35-40
        3.2.1 Pragmalinguistic Failure........... 36-37
        3.2.2 Sociopragmatic Failure...........37-38
        3.2.3 Pragmabehavioral Failure........... 38-40
Chapter Four Research Design...........40-46
    4.1 Research Questions........... 40-41
    4.2 Subjects........... 41-42
    4.3 Data Collection........... 42-46
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