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enever production increases, although marginal costs may not rise at the same time.
 
When marginal costs rise, it can be explained with an example: when a firm becomes very large, the costs rise, at the same time that the difficulties of managing the organization increase. it can be further explained by another example: when a mandate is passed that the air and the environment must become cleaner, the task is quite simple and easy at the outset, because the dirtiest cars can be pulled off the roads. However, after this task has been accomplished, the mission becomes more and more difficult, and newer technology may be needed to continue the process. Therefore, it is obvious that marginal costs would rise. Marginal benefits, on the other hand, can be explained as the marginal benefits or advantages that one would obtain when one more unit is produced. These benefits can be expressed in two manners: units of utility, or satisfaction with the product.
 
Therefore, it is obvious that economic choice in general almost always involves some sort of adjustment to the already existing situation, or the status quo. For example, the manager of a school may be trying to decide whether he must hire a new teacher for English, or not, or, an individual, after having finished his dinner at a restaurant, may decide whether he wishes to have dessert or not. This explains the theory that economic choice is almost always based on a comparison of the expected marginal benefits and the expected marginal costs of the choice under consideration at that particular point of time, a choice that would change the present situation, for better or for worse. As mentioned earlier, in a world of scarcity, with the limited choices and options available to an individual or a group, the decision to obtain marginal utility or benefits within the process of making a choice can be very important indeed. However, one surprising element that has arisen out of the study and analysis of decisions based on marginal analysis is that there can actually be ‘too much of a good thing’.
 
For example, services like health care or education appear to be inherently desirable to an individual or association, but at the same time, it is a fact that too much of these services may be produced. The idea of ‘too much’ occurs when one is able to obtain additional amounts of the services at a rate that may exceed the marginal costs, even though it may be true that the marginal benefits may exceed them. This can mean that one is in the process sacrificing alternative goods and services that may have been available at the margin, that is, in other words, the place at which one considers the final lists of a product or service. It can be stated therefore, that marginal analysis can be used to help people to allocate their scarce resources in such a way that they would be able to maximize the output, or in other words, greatly enhance the value that they may have hoped to produce or obtain. In this context, marginal analysis, a technique widely and popularly used in making wise and practical business decisions, can be explained as the analysis of the benefits and the costs of the marginal unit of a good, or of an input, for example, margin = next unit, while net benefits = total benefits – total costs. In this situation, it is obvious that most individuals would wish to make the maximum net benefits.
 
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