英语论文网

eserve of as much as 55 million tons. Such vast reserves denotes that Beijing has, in fact, the effective control of the flow and availability of these minerals in the international market and any changes in its RE policy is poised to affect other countries’ access to such precious resources. The following table depicts the country’s annual RE export quota from 2007 to 2012 with year-on-year change of the export quota numbers for the six years’ period. Notably, the two indicators have shown an overall downward trend for the past six years. In a larger view, China’s RE export quota has dropped significantly at 48.49 per cent for the six years’ period. In comparative terms, the Chinese RE quota has been reduced 21.15 per cent in 2008 when 2007 is taken as the baseline while the figure merely rose to 5.68 per cent in 2009 from the base figure recorded a year before.

 

Also, the highest export quota decrease occurred in 2010 where the amount dropped around 39.66% of the previous year. According to METI’s figures that were quoted from the China’s Ministry of Commerce, there is an unusual and abrupt reduction of the Chinese RE export quota to 7,976 tons in the second batch for the latter half of the same year. Such figure is unusual considering the fact that the half-year export quota averaged at 26,295 tons from 2007 to 2009 and 15,295 tons from 2011 to 2012. [7] Contrasting the allegations among some Japanese and foreign media, China’s reduction of RE export quota is actually an ongoing event ever since Beijing decided to impose such a cap in 2003. The numbers of quota for the latter period from 2007 to 2012 convincingly show that the danger of RE supply crisis toward Japan’s economy has been brewing in the middle of the 2000s. The below than average export quota in the second half of 2010, meanwhile, should be viewed as a continuity of the ongoing larger crisis formation that began in the 2000s. This, however, is certainly not the case for China’s procedural restrictions on Japanese companies for RE shipments.

 

Source: Quoted from METI Japan with Original Data from China’s Ministry of Commerce

 

In contrast to China’s placement of RE export quota, Beijing’s procedural restrictions on the Japanese companies regarding the shipments of the precious minerals are relatively recent developments. Following Japan-China territorial tension in September 2010, Beijing had utilized its RE grip to affect a supply shortage crisis among Japanese companies as part of its plan to force the release of the Chinese trawler’s captain who was detained earlier for trespassing and illegal fishing in the Japanese-claimed maritime territory. In a survey conducted by METI weeks after the Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands’ spat in October 2010, there are noticeably three new procedural restrictions introduced by the Chinese government in terms of export license (EL) application, customs clearance and shipments of REs.

 

First is the introduction of an additional criterion in EL applications for foreign (inclusive of Japanese) and domestic companies involved in th本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。