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tical problem in Vietnam.

The factors to cause corruption are as the following. First of all, due to rapid economic growth, the demand for administrative functions is increased, such as the need for more government permissions to engage in economic activities via licenses, approvals; this will increases opportunities for petty corruption in Vietnam.

Second, to facilitate economic growth, Vietnam has undergone comprehensive political and economic restructuring. A reform of decentralization in Vietnam has given greater authority over investment licensing to provinces, municipalities and so-called investment zones. These decentralization efforts have led to the uneven implementation of laws and variations in requirements and have given local officials considerable discretion to demand bribes for issuing licenses and permits, leading to more administrative corruption.

Third, foreign firms are particularly vulnerable to administrative corruption due to their lack of knowledge of local customs and procedures. These firms are more likely to pay for a license, even though it might be illegitimate and unnecessary according to the law, to avoid antagonizing the local administration.

Lastly, the official salaries of Vietnam’s public officials are very low. The minimum payment is only 28 dollars per month. Therefore they try to get extra money from bribery.

2.5 Political SWOT Analysis

i. Strengths

The Communist Party government appears committed to market-oriented reforms necessary to double 2000's GDP per capita by 2010, as targeted.

The one-party system is generally conducive to short-term political stability.

Relations with the US are generally improving, and Washington sees Hanoi as a potential geopolitical ally in South East Asia.

ii. Weaknesses

Corruption among government officials poses a major threat to the legitimacy of the ruling Communist Party.

There is increasing public dissatisfaction with the leadership's tight control over political dissent.

iii. Opportunities

The government recognizes the threat that corruption poses to its legitimacy, and has acted to clamp down on graft among party officials.

Vietnam has allowed legislators to become more vocal in criticizing government policies. This is opening up opportunities for more checks and balances within the one-party system.

iv. Threats

The sharp slowdown in growth expected in 2009 is likely to weigh on public acceptance of the one-party system, and street demonstrations to protest economic conditions could easily develop into a full-on challenge of undemocratic rule.

Although strong domestic control will ensure little change to Vietnam's political scene in the next few years, over the longer term, the one-party-state will probably be unsustainable.

2.6 Legal Framework

Following the open-door policy of 1986, Vietnam has enacted its Constitution in 1992 to strengthen legal institutions and to pave the way for its party-led economic reform. Vietnam improve its legal system in order to create a favorable environment for the development of a multi-sector market economy as well as a more open and stable investment environment. During recent years, many laws and regulations have been enacted to es本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。