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ce, is now decided by the National Assembly. This hopefully will make the local courts more independent from the local government.

Another factor leading to the concerns on the independence of the courts is the unwritten practice of the local court requesting for opinion from the superior court in complex cases.

Judgments in Vietnam are not publicly published and it is difficult to get access to past judgments.

3.0 Economy analysis

Vietnam's economy has expanded rapidly since the Communist Party of Vietnam turned away from the communist economic policies in the 1980s. A sustained growth rate of around 8% for over 15 years shows great progression and has increasingly attract numbers of foreign investors. Vietnam received over US$20 billion of foreign direct investment in 2007, and there are almost 1,500 new projects licensed in the same year. Although the economy is developing at a rapid rate, entry costs for investors are still low, and cheap labor costs coupled with a young, literate workforce make business investment a very attractive and lucrative prospect.

The Vietnamese government has shown their commitment to economic liberalization and international integration. Structural reforms needed to modernize the economy have been implemented, helping to produce more competitive, export-driven industries. Vietnam joined the WTO in January 2007. This should give a major boost to Vietnam's export led economy and should spur on the country's economic liberalizing reforms.

However the recent global recession has hurt Vietnam's export-oriented economy with GDP growing less than the 7% per annum average achieved during the last decade. In 2009 exports fell nearly 10% year-on-year, prompting the government to consider adjustments to tariffs to limit the trade deficit. The government has used stimulus spending, including a subsidized lending program, to help the economy through the global financial crisis, and foreign donors have pledged $8 billion in new development assistance for 2010. Domestic investment grew 16% while committed foreign direct investment fell 70%, a steep reduction after 5 years of growth. Nevertheless, the weaker economy, current account deficit, and subdued foreign investment environment means Vietnam's managed currency, the dong, faced downward pressure through 2009, leading the government to devalue it by more than 5% in December. Initially from 2003 to 2006 Vietnam GDP real growth rate had gradually increased, which is 6%, 7.2%, 7.7%, 8.5%, respectively. However until 2009, the growth rate was fell dramatically from 8.5%(2008) to 6.2%.

3.1 Infrastructure of Vietnam

Highway system

The road system consists of over 200,000 km network including over 10,000 bridges. However road conditions are not ideal, less than half of the national highways have two lanes or more. In addition, road congestion is increasing in major cities. In recent years, the Government has mobilized a significantly large amount of capital to upgrade the highway system with financial support from international lending agencies.

Railway

The rail network consists of about 2,600 km of single–track line covering several routes. There are about 260 stations in the network. The longest and most important route is the Hanoi – Ho Chi Minh City line, which stretches for 1,730 km. This line is now servic本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。