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加拿大原有供应分析论文

石油或原油是天然存在的，有毒易燃的液体，选自各种分子量和其他有机化合物的烃，存在地球表面下地质构造的复杂混合物中。石油大多是通过石油钻井回收。它是通过精制和分离，最容易通过沸点生成大量的消费产品，如汽油、煤油沥青及用于制造塑料和药物化学试剂。石油术语首次出现在论文德的Natura Fossilium，由德国矿物学家乔治?鲍尔也被称为Georgius阿格里科拉于1546年发表使用。 

组成

从最严格的意义上来说，石油仅包括原油。但是在通常的用法中，它包括原油和天然气。原油和天然气的主要成分是碳氢化合物的混合物。在下表面的压力和温度条件下，较轻质烃的甲烷，乙烷，丙烷和丁烷产生气体，而从戊烷和向上较重的是在液体或固体中的形式。然而，在地下储油是气体或取决于地下条件的液体而变化，并在石油混合物的相图上的比例。

The Supply Of Crude Oil In India Economics Essay

Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, toxic, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, and other organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling. It is refined and separated, most easily by boiling point, into a large number of consumer products, from gasoline and kerosene to asphalt and chemical reagents used to make plastics and pharmaceuticals. The term petroleum was first used in the treatise De Natura Fossilium, published in 1546 by the German mineralogist Georg Bauer, also known as Georgius Agricola. 

COMPOSITION

In its strictest sense, petroleum includes only crude oil, but in common usage it includes both crude oil and natural gas. Both crude oil and natural gas are predominantly a mixture of hydrocarbons. Under surface pressure and temperature conditions, the lighter hydrocarbons methane, ethane, propane and butane occur as gases, while the heavier ones from pentane and up are in the form of liquids or solids. However, in the underground oil reservoir the proportion which is gas or liquid varies depending on the subsurface conditions, and on the phase diagram of the petroleum mixture. An oil well produces predominantly crude oil, with some natural gas dissolved in it. Because the pressure is lower at the surface than underground, some of the gas will come out of solution and be recovered (or burned) as associated gas or solution gas. A gas well produces predominately natural gas. However, because the underground temperature and pressure are higher than at the surface, the gas may contain heavier hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, and heptane in the gaseous state. Under surface conditions these will condense out of the gas and form natural gas condensate, often shortened to condensate. Condensate resembles gasoline in appearance and is similar in composition to some volatilelight crude oils.

The proportion of light hydrocarbons in the petroleum mixture is highly variable between different oil fields and ranges from as much as 97% by weight in the lighter oils to as little as 50% in the heavier oils and bitumen.

The hydrocarbons in crude oil are mostly alkanes, cycloalkanes and various aromatic hydrocarbons while the other organic compounds contain nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and trace amounts of metals such as iron, nickel, copper and vanadium.

Crude Oil Hot Spots Globally

Oil In India

According to oil and gas journal, India had approximately 5.6 billion barrels of proven oil reserves as of January 2010, the second largest amount 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。