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当前全球经济

简介

在当前的全球经济中，对国际企业来说利用它们的相对优势来获得或保持竞争性和成功是至关重要的。企业应该根据它们的竞争劣势来提高战略的使用（Jasimuddin, 2001）。一般来说，所有战略的主要目标都是获得持续的竞争优势，从而带来更高的生产率和盈利能力。战略的所有层次都涉及竞争优势的创造。无论是哪一个战略层次，为了使用战略以获得竞争优势，公司应该表现出不同于他人能力（Hill 和Jones，2007）。这是波特模型的关键方面。本文将会证明波特的方法能通过发展有效的竞争战略使国际商务活动在国际领域内更合理和有效。文章分为三个主要部分。在第一部分中将详细讨论如何通过在国际商务中运用波特模型来实现竞争战略。第二部分解释了价值链在保持竞争力中的作用。在第三部分中，讨论了竞争优势的可持续性。最后，从讨论中得出结论。

在国际商务中实现竞争战略

如波特（2004）所说，竞争优势的产生依赖于在竞争环境的情况下，选择合适的基本策略，来实现企业目标（波特，2004）。一个公司用于扩大和维持竞争优势的基本战略有三种：是成本领先战略、差别化战略和专一化战略（Stonehouse et al, 2004）。

成本领先战略

在一个行业中，一个组织都蕴含着一种成本领先战略，都想成为成本最低的生产商（Stonehouse et al，2004）。为了增加销售额，成本领先战略将价格控制在与同行业竞争对手的价格类似或更低的层面上，因为单位成本较低，所以主要的努力方向是赚取更高的利润。

Current global economy

简介-Introduction

In the current global economy, it has become essential for international business to use their comparative advantages to become or continue competitive and successful. Business should enhance the use of their strategy in light of their competitive disadvantages (Jasimuddin, 2001).Generally, the main aim of any strategy is to get a sustained competitive advantage, which result in greater productivity and profitability. In making a competitive advantage all levels of strategy are involved. Regardless of what the strategy level , to use strategy to get a competitive advantage a company should make distinguishing capabilities (Hill & Jones, 2007). This is the key aspect of Porter's model. This essay will argue that Porter's approach will give international business activities more possible and efficient within the international field through developing an effective competitive strategy. The essay will be divided to three main parts. In the first part, achieving competitive strategy in intentional business by applying Porter Model will be discussed in detail. In the second part, the effect of the value chain in sustaining competiveness will be explained. In the third part, Sustainability of competitive advantage will be argued. Finally, the conclusion will be draw from this discussion.

在国际商务中实现竞争战略-Achieving competitive strategy in intentional business

The competitive advantage, as Porter (2004) argued, counts on choosing the suitable generic strategy to achieve business goals in the circumstance of the competitive environment (Porter, 2004). There are three types of generic strategy that a companies use to expand and maintain competitive advantage: cost leadership, differentiation and focus (Stonehouse et al, 2004).

1-Cost leadership strategy

Within an industry, an organization that implies a cost leadership strategy, tries to be the lowest cost producer (Stonehouse et al, 2004) . To increase sales the cost leadership strategy charge a price similar or lower than competitors in an industry, so the main endeavor is to earn a higher profit because unit costs are lower. This strategy will be a success and bring rise in sales proportions due to the high demand for the products and to some extent the lower prices compare to competitors (Porter, 2004).

This kind of strategy has two major advantages: first, they will have the opportunity to make profits higher than the industry average by fee a price similar with the average for the industry, second, this price strategy help business to compe