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way planning is handled. With 16 million inhabitants, it is the most populated, least dense city in the world. In fact, only 15% of the land is developed.[41]

In contrast to Point/South City, NL City is more detailed and finalised. OMA's project posed questions; MVRDV provides answers. Although centrally controlled the city is split up into separate zones that are specialisms derived from existing trends and urban necessities. Possibilities include an area dedicated to agriculture, an offshore energy zone and a distribution zone. There are no density or urban form experiments, the urban environment will be based in Brabant. NL City simplifies the current conditions of the Netherlands, making planning issues much more transparent.

CONCLUSION

By analysing the process by which Point/South City was created and how OMA represented their findings, the aim of this investigation was to understand how this technique was developed and the advantages of its use. The highly innovative process had no obvious precedent. Therefore research was conducted into previous projects that displayed similar characteristics. It can be concluded that the projects of Constant Nieuwenhuys, J.H van den Broek and J.B. Bakema that were based on a visionary and idiosyncratic approach, created a dynamic and diverse environment that promoted completely new ideas and shifts away from the ordinary.

OMA began by ascertaining the gaps in urban planning. In their opinion, the size of the task called for a large-scale urban planning approach. They felt that landscape was being employed to legitimise the continued uncontrolled urbanisation of open space and that the development of the Randstad and the 'green heart' was turning into more and more of a sell-out of a formerly carefully planned and administered area. 

As an alternative, Point/South City advocated a firm policy to support the development of genuine, dense cities and the preservation of open space. By showing the spatial consequences in the constructed landscape of transformations in urban density, a number of questioning scenarios are instigated by the city to consider the implications for the urban environment. Point/South City is above all a didactic tool that is a light hearted and serious study, an Educational aid and a political instrument. It plays an active role by confronting viewers with social and environmental risks and their possible solutions in the form of future scenarios.

It would be unfair to take a completely critical view of the government and developers, as the support they provide to national institutions that often create events that promote experimental outlooks for the future, is substantial. This type of investigation has no immediate worth or practical application, so is not something an architect would often undertake of their own accord. But, the inspiration and potential functional worth it has in the future is what makes the investigation important. In the Netherlands these events may face extensive criticism, but the framework for this type of debate is in place, which is not the case in many countries.

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