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摘要：本文是一篇关于海关法的国际观加拿大作业，今天的全球化盛行现象几乎不可阻挡,导致了国际贸易指数增长,跨境贸易便利化对于全球经济的运作也是同样至关重要的。海关机构被委以保护边境的重任，因此不能够离开国际法的规则而孤立地工作,并在国际上应该注意其政府的义务。鉴于上述,海关活动的统一已经成为全球贸易便利化以及确保每个国家的国际义务的关键。

on of the Customs Co?operation Council concerning the prevention of illicit traffic in endangered species of wild fauna and flora (June 1991) is one that could be cited as one which would impact Sri Lanka’s customs, as it is to a great degree entrusted with combating illicit traffic of endangered species of Fauna and Flora under Sri Lanka’s Fauna and Flora Protection act.

A list of Recommendations, Declarations and Resolutions of WCO are given in Annexure II for reference.

Conclusion

It is clear that the International Customs Law is centered primarily on coagulation of treaties and recommendations (provided the state has acceded to them), whilst subsidiary means of determination could be gained through resolutions and declaration. Sri Lanka is party to some of the key treaties which are driving the unification of the customs process globally as identified above, and is legally bound through ratification. These treaties address some of the key conflicts that arise between trading parties and border protection agencies, such as unified standard addressed through RKC, HS nomenclature leading to applicability of the correct band of tariff, and the WTO Valuation Agreement which irons out issues related valuation of goods. Whilst right of appeal is one of the key ingredients of RKC, it should be noted that RKC itself shifts the burden of proof to the importer and understanding of the above should lead to minimizing customs related issues going forward.

Annexure I – WCO

Conventions

Convention establishing a Customs Co-operation Council. Signed in Brussels on 15 December 1950, entered into force on 4 November 1952.

International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System. Entered into force on 1 January 1988.

Convention on Nomenclature for the classification of goods in Customs tariffs and Protocol of Amendment thereto.

Customs Convention on ECS carnets for commercial samples.Entered into force on 3 October 1957.

Customs Convention on the temporary importation of packings. Entered into force on 15 March 1962.

Customs Convention on the temporary importation of professional equipment. Entered into force on 1 July 1962.

Customs Convention concerning facilities for the importation of goods for display or use at exhibitions, fairs, meetings or similar events. Entered into force on 13 July 1962.

Customs Convention on the ATA carnet for the temporary admission of goods (ATA Convention). Entered into force on 30 July 1963

Customs Convention concerning welfare material for seafarers. Entered into force on 11 December 1965.

Customs Convention on the temporary importation of scientific equipment. Entered into force on 5 September 1969.

Customs Convention on the temporary importation of pedagogic material. Entered into force on 10 September 1971.

Customs Convention on the international transit of goods (ITI Convention). Done on 7 June 1971.

International Convention on the simplification and harmonization of Customs procedures (Kyoto Convention). Entered into force on 25 September 1974.

International Convention on the simplification and harmonization of Customs procedures (Kyoto Convention) as amended. Entered into force on 3 February 2006.
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