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riage and that you should love the person you marry before you getmarried. In other cultures, however, a man and awoman may not even knoweach other before theirwedding day. Romantic love is not essential tomarriage in these cultures. These people expect that lovewill develop after the wedding if the marriage is a good one[1].

    3.利用同义词和代词的重复来实现短文的连贯。同义词和代词的重复使用有助于句子间的过渡,能把文章前后的意思有机地串连在一起。

例:Aspirin is very irritatingto the stomach lining and many aspirin takers complain about upset stomach. Actually, there is a rightway to take the medicine. The bestway is to chewthe tablets before swallowing themwithwater,but few people can stand the bitterness. Some people suggest crushing the tablets in milk or orange juice and drinking that[1].

这段中的aspirin, medicine, tablet是同义词,段尾的代词that也用来替代aspirin。Irritating和upset也是同义词。正是这些同义词和代词的使用,短文才具有了连贯性。由此可见,词汇的选用不仅是“量”和“质”的问题,更重要的是它决定着短文的“完整性”与“连贯性”。

二、用什么样的句式书写短文

    句子是较完整和准确地表达思想进行交际的依托。好的短文其句子不仅要符合英语语法规范、语义完整、表达简洁,而且句型要稍有交替变化,句子间要用连接词衔接,以确保句意连贯顺畅。然而,许多学生普遍认为:写作时只要不犯语法上的错误,多用简单句、短句最保险。的确,简单句、短句比较容易驾驭,不易出现句法上的混乱。但是过多地使用简单句、短句就会使短文显得单调、松散,令人感到混乱、无感染力,更多地暴露出写作能力薄弱的一面。同样的内容,考生若能恰当地运用连接词把单句有机地连接起来,并注意长句、短句、简单句、并列句以及复合句等句型的交替使用,短文才会完整连贯,生动耐读。试比较下面两例:

例1:A lot of talented people ,especially young people are at the bottom of the hierarchy. It is unfair. People think they are old enough for the position and they can get promoted. That takes them twenty or even thirty years[1].此段语意完整性较差,各句子间连接松散,读来乏味。

例2:It is unfair that a lot of talented people, especially young people are at the bottomof the hierarchy. It takes 20 or even 30 years for themto get promotedwhen they are thought to be old enough for the position[1].经修改后,此段语意连贯完整,符合英语逻辑思维和习惯表达。

    当然,在平时的写作练习中,要特别留心学习英语语法规则和常用句型,尽量少犯语法错误,同时又要注意避免冗长杂乱、眉目不清的长句,切不可盲目追求过长、过于复杂的句子。

三、如何准确把握段落结构

    段落是短文写作的有机组成部分,段落把握得好坏直接影响短文是否切题,或偏离了主题。四级考试的写作部分无论采用何种出题形式,通常要求三段式(当然两段或四段式作文也时有出现,但三段式短文为常考型)。因此,了解段落结构,掌握段落写作特点是短文成功的关键本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。