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Provincial Cooperative Banks at the top.

There are 6 Cooperative Banks operating in Pakistan including 4 Provincial Cooperative Banks, 1 in Northern Areas Cooperative Bank and 1 in AJK.

B.i) Historical Background of Cooperative Banking in Pakistan

At the time of independence, Cooperative Movement was in an unsatisfactory state. The Cooperative Banking structure in Punjab, NWFP, and Sindh had managed to survive but the vacuum created in the field of commercial banking after independence induced the Cooperative Banks in Pakistan to undertake large-scale financing of trade and commerce at the expense of rural finance however, in the process, the Cooperative Banks received serious setbacks.

Huge funds advanced to individuals engaged in trade and industry by Cooperative Banks that had no experience of such loans was blocked. The worth of their assets, built over half of century, depreciated and consequently they were not in a position to provide funds to primary credit societies affiliated to them.

Various steps were taken to revive them but they did not yield any tangible results. In 1976, the Federal Gov, after obtaining the consent of Provincial Government enacted the ‘Establishment of Federal Bank for Cooperatives and Regulation of Cooperative Banking Act'. Under this act the Federal Bank for Cooperatives was established to serve as the principle financing institution for the entire cooperative movement in the country and the previous structure of the cooperative banks were reorganized.

All cooperative banks, other than only one Provincial Cooperative Bank in each province, were liquidated. The Provincial Cooperative Bank was supposed to meet the credit needs of its affiliated societies through a network of branches.

Under the reorganized setup, there are now six provincial Cooperative banks with over 200 branched spread throughout the country. At the base, there are primary cooperative societies affiliated to the Provincial Cooperative Bank. The primary agriculture societies were generally the Raiffeisen type, small in size and having unlimited liability. Some societies are multipurpose in character, relatively large and liability of their members is limited.

Apart from the setting up of large number of cooperative credit societies, the cooperative agencies have also been employed in various field of rural development and their credit operations have been linked with marketing and supply activities.

In the late 1980s, there was a major collapse of confidence in the viability of cooperative financing and several highly publicized cases of insolvency. The crisis was particularly severe in the Punjab and the state operations had to be launched to prevent the total collapse of the cooperatives.

Chapter # 04: Organizational overview

4.1) History of Frontier Provincial Cooperative Bank

Frontier Provincial Cooperative Bank was established in 1943 under the Cooperative Societies Act 1925. Before partition it was affiliated with Punjab Provincial Coo本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。