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e status of V-qilaiconstruction. In this sense, the study on V-qilai construction with a view of comparisonto middle construction will give a better view of the semantics which is claimed to beuniversal and the different syntactic representations across languages.IDLM provides the visualization of syntactic structures through a set of conciseinformation dependency expressions and information dependency graphs. Unliketraditional corpus annotation, the IDLM annotation constitutes of syntactic,morphological and pragmatic level annotation. Hence, formalization of sentences inV-qilai constructions on the basis of IDLM theory in this paper will support a promisingand useful reference for future annotation in corpus construction. This will in turn helpto enrich the explanatory power of IDLM.
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Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Middle Construction
What is middle construction? A number of different answers to this question havebeen proposed. Kemmer(1993)uses “middle” for constructions which have twoproperties: identity of the two participants in the event and low degree of elaboration ofevents. Ackema&Schoorlemmer(1995)identifies middle construction with two strikingfeatures: the subject argument of the transitive does not appear overtly in an argumentposition in a middle or passive, and the object argument of the transitive appears as thegrammatical subject. Jen(2006)takes “middle construction”to describe a constructionwhere a patient argument does not occur in the canonical object position but instead inthe grammatical subject position and crucially the middle verb is not inflectionallymarked as a passive verb.For a long time, one universal definition of middle construction hasn’t been arrived.Middle construction is a complexion of syntactical forms, semantic representations andpragmatic meanings, it can not be taken as a whole if every single aspect is missing. Itlooks more like a cover term that encompasses a series of linguistic descriptions andinterpretations.In the early stage, most researches on middle construction are under the generativeframework. Representatives for this approach are Keyser&Roeper(1984), Fagan(1992),Stroik(1992), Ackema&Schoorlemmer(1994), Iwata(1996), etc.In the book On the Middle and Ergative Constructions in English, Keyser andRoeper(1986) have concluded striking features of middle construction throughcomparison with ergative construction. Ergative construction also takes the active formpassive in meaning like middle construction. Example(4) is a typical ergativeconstruction:
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2.2 Middle Construction in Chinese
The issue of middle construction in Chinese is rather controversial. Does middleconstruction exist in Chinese? Even the answers to this basic question are notconsentaneous. Some other questions that need to be addressed in any reasonablythorough study of the middle construction in Chinese include:Do English middle construction and Chinese middle construction appear in thesame context? Do English middle construction and Chinese middle construction behavethe same syntactically?Scholars have made enormous efforts to solve the questions.Sung(1994)first brought the concept of middle construction to the research of Chinese. He claims that V-qilai construction is the corresponding counterpart of Englishmiddle construction and “qilai” is a typical morpheme marker of Chinese middleconstruction. He investigates V-qilai co本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。