摘要:本文是高中英语教学论文,笔者认为写作活动存在于人类文明的发展,各种语言理论和教学方法的影响下,国内外许多专家和学者探讨的路径和写作,提出了卓越的见解,从而促进写作理论与教学方法。
inal product named Product-based Approach. Thetheoretical basis of the teaching method is behaviorism theory. This kindof teaching method was affected a lot by Pavlov’s(1923)study on highernerve activity, especially the influence of conditioned reflex theory. Theprocess of this teaching method is that teachers give students stimuli andstudents react to it. The method of teaching believes that writing is relatedto the knowledge of one’s language. The key lies in the proper use ofvocabulary, syntax and cohesion. Through all kinds of syntax, textstructures and rhetoric rules the model shows, students can be familiarwith and master the characteristics of different genres of writing, and dealwith a variety of writing requirements. The teacher is always in adominant position, and takes the teaching of writing skills as the mainpurpose.
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Chapter 2 Theoretical Basis
2.1 Second Language Acquisition Hypotheses
In the second language acquisition theory, proposed byD.Krashen(1985), the Monitoring Mode and M.Swain’s(1995) LanguageOutput Hypo
thesis both have deep influence on the appearance ofProcess-based Approach. On the basis of the study of others and him, Dr.Krashen proposed the theory of how to explain the second language. Histheory is called the Supervision Mode, which is composed of fivehypotheses, namely, acquisition and learning hypothesis, the natural orderhypothesis, the monitor hypothesis, the input hypothesis and the affectivefilter hypothesis. According to the Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis,there are two ways to cultivate foreign language acquisition. Acquisitionis a natural process, through the understanding and use of language,learners, gain the ability naturally in meaningful communication.Learning is conscious to learn the rules of the language; finally learnerscan understand the language knowledge and the rules to be stated. Formallearning make learners learn. Error correction can help learnersunderstand the rules. Krashen put forward the hypothesis of languageinput to explain how language is acquired. He believes that as long as theinput of the language is sufficient, and the input of the language can beunderstood (comprehensible), then you can learn the language. Krashenproposed Affective Filter Hypothesis to illustrate the impact ofpsychological and emotional factors on foreign language learning,including the learner's motivation, confidence, and anxiety. Krashenregarded the affective factors as the adjustable filter, language input onlyreach the language acquisition mechanism through the filter. Therefore, inforeign language learning, strong motivation, confidence and low anxietystate are more favorable to the acquisition.
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2.2 Constructivism
Thought of constructivism theory represented by Piaget(1984),believes the learners do not accept knowledge passively, but through theprocess of active construction of knowledge. Constructivism also thinks,learning should be an interactive process of exchange and cooperation.These not only include the construction of communication andcooperation between teachers and students in the process of meaning, butalso include the exchanges and cooperation between the students.Everyone use their own experience as the background to constructthe understanding of things, including all the students and teachers andpeers. For communication to test their ideas, to accept the challenge, andto examine the negative
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