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orintercultural communication, are incorporated. In this chapter, relevant theories will bepresented, from speech act to politeness theory, from two dimensions of culture —individualism-collectivism and HCC/ LCC (High-context Culture/ Low-context Culture) — toKim’s five conversational constraints. Chapter four introduces the methodology used and theway in which data is collected. Chapter five is the main part of the thesis, analyzing the dataand discussing the findings. In this chapter, first, we classify refusal strategies into12 categories, based on Liao & Bresnahan’s conclusion, according to the data collected.Second, we present, describe and analyze the refusal strategies adopted by Chinese andAmericans in each scenario. Third, we make comparative studies concerning the two mainquestions to be addressed in this thesis to find out whether social variables have differentinfluences on refusal speech act conducted by people from different cultures. Findings revealthat both commonalities and differences exist: (1) Chinese featuring collectivism are subjectand sensitive to relative power when making decisions regarding refusal, while Americans,featuring individualism and LCC, manage time in a monochronic way and thus are lesssensitive to relative power in terms of refusal decision-making. (2) The average number ofrefusal strategies adopted by Chinese is in proportion to relative power. In other words, thehigher the hearer’s status is, the more refusal strategies will Chinese speaker employ. As forAmericans, the average number of refusal strategies adopted also seems to follow this rule, butnot in a strict way. (3) When dealing with a closely-related peer, Chinese show more concernfor avoiding negative evaluation by the hearer, while Americans display more concernon clarity. When dealing with a superior with great power distance, both Chines andAmericans demonstrate more concern for not hurting other’s feelings. When dealing with aninferior with great power distance, both Chinese and Americans show more concern on clarity.Chapter six is the conclusion part, in which major findings of the study are summarized andsuggestions, based on limitation of this study, are proposed for future researches.

Chapter 6 Conclusion and Suggestion结论和建议

本文从跨文化交际的角度对中美拒绝言语行为的对比研究，探讨社会因素和不同文化中各种情况下人们思想行为的影响。我们主要集中在两个问题：This paper conducts a comparative study on Chinese and American refusals from anintercultural communication perspective, probing into the influence exerted by social factorson the behaviors and thoughts of people in different cultures under various circumstances. Wemainly concentrate on two questions: (1) does relative power influence people’s decision-making regarding refusal; (2) does relative power along with social distance exerts influenceon people’s refusal speech act. The study reveals that when performing refusal speech act,Chinese and Americans, though featuring different social traits, share commonalities as wellas display differences.

6.1 Major Finding主要成果
First, we make a general study on people’s refusal responses and it turns out that overall,Chinese conduct fewer refusal speech acts than Americans. In other words, Chinese aregenerally more obliging and compromising than their American counterparts. Then we makedetailed comparisons among S1, S2 and S5 where impositions are quite similar but relativepowers vary, it shows that Chinese are more sensitive本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。