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Ⅰ The Introduction to Non-verbal Forms 谓语动词.doc
The verb can be divided into two kinds: predicate verbs and verbals. Predicate verbs can only be used as the verb, serve as the predicate in the sentence. It must be accordance at person and number with the subject. It is necessary to a sentence and a clause. Verbals is not only used as the verb but also used as the adjective, the noun and the adverb. It doesn’t need to keep the same with the subject. It is not necessary to a sentence and a clause. Verbals can be divided into three kinds: the infinitive, 本论文由英语论文网www.51lunwen.org整理提供the participle and the gerund. The gerund functions as verb and noun. The participle plays the function of verb, adjective or the verb and the adverb. Function of the infinitive are the verb and the noun or the verb and the adverb or the verb and the adjective.
⒈ The Participle
The participle has two kinds: the Present Participle and the Past Participle. It concurrently has the verb, the Adverb and the Adjective characteristics. It can bring the Object and the Adverb. The Participle and the Object or the Adverb constitute the Participle Phrase.
⑴The Present Participle
  The Present Participle is composed of the Verb primary adding the ing form. The Present Participle has the general and the perfect tense. The transitive verb present participal has the active and the passive vo本论文由英语论文网www.51lunwen.org整理提供ice. Its form is following:

The Present
 The Transtive Verb write
 
 Non-transtive Verb go
 
Participle
 The Active Voice
 The Passive Voice
 The Active Voice
 
The General Tense
 writing
 being written
 Going
 
The Perfect Tense
 haring written
 haring been written
 having gone
 
① The active voice of the Present Participle: e.g.
He hurried home, looking behind as he went.     
Having finished thei本论文由英语论文网www.51lunwen.org整理提供r work, they had a rest.
② The passive voice of the Present Participle: e.g.
 The large building being built down the street will be a hospital.
Having been shown the labs, we were taken to see the library.
③ The usage of the Present Participle
(a) Serving as the Actributive: e.g.
Crusoe lit a fire and from it took a burning stick.
The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.
There were a lot of boys in the field playing football.
(b) Serving as the Subject Complement: e.g.
The story sounds interesting.
The volleyball match we watched was very exciting.
(c) Serving as the Object Complement: e.g. 
We heard her singing in her room.
We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.
(d) Serving as the Adverbicl : e.g.
 She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.
 Being ill, he went home.
 One day, walking along the sands towards his boat, he saw a man’s footprint.
⑵The Past Participle.
The Past Participle of the regular verb is composed of the verb primary adding ed form. The part Participle of the irregular verb does not have unified composition rule.
The Past Participle shows本论文由英语论文网www.51lunwen.org整理提供 fishing and passive movements.
The usage of the Past Participle is following:
①Serving as the Attributive. e.g.
A broken cup is lying on the ground.
This is one of the factories built in the 1960s.
②Serving as the Subject Complement: e.g.
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