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　　1.1 Background to the study研究背景
　　课堂教学是一门艺术。根据定义，课堂教学是指教师的文字介绍，教学技能，语言选择，教师的情绪，课堂安排，课堂提问等。课堂教学中，作为一种手段相互关系的，帮助教师指导和控制学生，使教学的过程中更顺畅Classroom teaching is an art. By definition, classroom teaching means teachers'presentation of the text, teaching skills, language choosing, teachers' emotion, classroomarrangement, classroom questioning and so on. Classroom teaching, as a means ofinteraction, will help the teachers direct and control the students，and make the process ofteaching smoother, so as to improve the quality of teaching drastically. Therefore，thequestioning is not only an effective method, but also influential teaching arts.The questioning is one of the most ancient teaching methods. The well-known "Socraticquestioning method" was bom in Ancient Greece. Socrates never teaches; instead, heinteracts with his students through questioning and answering. China's Confucius alsoadopts the theory of questioning and conversation in his profound book "ConfucianAnalects”.The whole process of English classroom teaching not just consists of inputting,processing, and storing information, but also includes outputting, exchanging and feedbackof information. https://www.51lunwen.org/languagethesis/ Teaching is an interaction process which focuses on “design”，and the designfocuses on “the question design’’. Appropriate questions can stimulate students to participateactively in class, ponder positively，seek solutions and put forward answers.The traditional classroom interaction is thought to be inflexible and rigid, for teachersdirect and control the majority process of teaching and learning, with the acts of impartingknowledge, asking numerous questions and correcting students' mistakes. As in the study ofTsui's (1985) of Hong Kong secondary English classes, the teacher plays a dominant role inthe teacher-centered model of interaction. Consequently, the learning process for the studentstends to be less efficient. Therefore, it is essential for students to be more actively involved,and to take more responsibility of their learning.The most important factor within any effective language learning environment is thatstudents are enabled to do most of the talking. However，in many language classrooms it isthe teacher who does most of the talking whilst students remain silent (Walsh, 2002). Anideal classroom situation is one in which students are actively involved and both able andwilling to participate in the lesson. Student participation is more beneficial if the students areproductive rather than purely receptive. Nevertheless, in order for the students to participateactively, they need to be stimulated. This stimulation can arise as a result of theimplementation of appealing activities or through the use of thought provoking questions.One popular method of involving students in a lesson and facilitating studentparticipation used by many language teachers is asking questions. In some classrooms，overhalf of the class time is taken up with question-and-answer exchanges (Gall, 1984). Themajority of the questions that teachers ask in these exchanges are display questions (Long &Sato，1983; Thombury, 1996), or questions which are intended either to prompt the learnersto display comprehension and/or command of accurate English (Lynch, 1991; Thompson本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。