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noun variation in Xiangtan dialect appears under theinfluence of the contact with Putonghua. Such newly emerged linguistic phenomenonis affected by both subjective and objective factors. From the study, someimplications can also be summarized.

5.1 Social Causes for the Variation of Nouns

A number of social causes are considered when explicating the noun variation inXiangtan dialect such as Putonghua’s influence on Xiangtan dialect on account of thelanguage contact between them and people’s attitude toward Xiangtan dialect andPutonghuaDue to the rapid development of the society and the policy of the promotion ofStandard language, it becomes more and more necessary as well as convenient for usto get access to Putonghua in our daily life.In most of the formal occasions or public places like school, government sector,hotel, department store, Putonghua is so popular and widely used by many people. Forin formal occasion, you need to use it to have a better communication with others.Take a formal place the university as an example, the students are mostly fromdifferent areas of China using different local dialects that are difficult to beunderstood by others. In this case, Putonghua becomes the common language tohandle with the communication barriers. This situation also applies to people whowork out of the hometown. Thus, it’s almost impossible for us to avoid using it in ourdaily life nowadays.

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Conclusion

With the successful promotion and popularization of Putonghua, economicglobalization and urban-rural integration, contact between Putonghua and Xiangtandialect has increased greatly and it will naturally results in language change inXiangtan dialect, among which the noun variation is noteworthy.
(1) Under the influence of Putonghua, there is an apparent trend that Xiangtandialect becomes similar to Putonghua in various aspects. That is, some variationsgradually appear in Xiangtan dialect, in which the variations of noun stand out most.Some old-style names of daily necessities are discarded by us, such as tangwureplaced by keting; Meanwhile, the usage of people’s address forms like kinshipaddress, address about occupation and ethical conduct has changed too, some areseldom used while some are replaced, like yuepozi changed into yuesao.
(2) Among several noun variations, the noun variation in names of dailynecessities appears most frequently, while the variation in address form ranks thesecond place; Variation in daily spoken noun appears less frequently compared withthe former two with variation in time expression owning the least frequency amongall.
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The reference (omitted)
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