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significance in that this study may provide new perspective to investigations on negation and guide teaching and learning practices.  So  far,  the  concept  of  markedness  has  been  widely  applied  to  many  linguistic branches  from  phonology,  semantics  and  typology  to  pragmatics  owing  to  its powerful  explanatory  power.  Connotations  of  markedness  at  each  level  vary;  thus derivative  definitions  and  applications  of  markedness  abound.  The  author  hopes  that taxonomy  of  negation  within  the  framework  of  markedness  theory  adopted  by  this thesis may enrich theoretical research in the field of negation analysis.    Pedagogical  implications  can  also  be  reached  through  in-depth  comparisons  of negative  expressions  from  the  level  of  syntax  and  vocabulary  produced  by  Chinese English learners and native college students in Britain and America. ESL teachers are able to have a good grip of students‘ current state of negation based on these authentic, reliable  data.  And  then  teachers  could  tailor  the  teaching  content  and  key  points accordingly  so  that  teaching  may  be  more  focused  and  effective.  Furthermore, possible  factors  Accounting  for  students‘  uneven  development  in  applying  negative expressions  to  some  extent  could  shed  some  light  on  the  acquisition  processes  of negation.  For  students  themselves,  previous  confusions  about  the  uses  of  negative devices  will  be  eliminated  and  meanwhile  correct  and  conventionalized  negative expressions produced by their counterparts could be gradually  grasped. Additionally, various  ways  to  express  negation  to  some  extent  arouse  students‘  interest  to  try different expressions, which will improve their reading and writing ability.  
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Chapter Two Literature Review

2.1 Classification of Negation  
Approaches  to  expressing  negative  intentions  are  multitudinous  and  dynamic across  languages,  which  entails  some  taxonomic  models  according  to  individualized needs and based on different partitioning criteria. It is not until the 1960‘s and 1970‘s that the phenomena of negation across languages have drawn the attention of linguists. And  then  researches  on  negation  gradually  increase.  However,  attempts  to  classify negations  in  languages  are  scarce  in  amount  and  scale.  The  followings  are  some influential academic classifications of negation.   Clark  (1976)本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。