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amongforeign scholars.Mary Kathryn Grant(1974)is the first monograph to systematically studyOates,focusing on the fragmented nature of urban environment and the loss of communityconsciousness from the perspective of violence.Mary Allen(1976)analyzes the femalecharacters who fear male violence in Oates'novels in her monograph The NecessaryBlankness,and came to the conclusion that Oates was good at expressing the fear of violenceunder the calm appearance of women.Hanan Muzaffar(2005)combining psychoanalytictheory,points out that all the characters who are subjected to physical violence in Oates'snovels are suffering from schizophrenia,revealing that people at the bottom of the societyhave to take schizophrenia as a way to protect themselves from harm in the dilemma ofidentity construction.In addition,Sarah Buker Weissberg(2005),by analyzing four shortstories The Vampire,Lover,Gun Love and Secret,Silence in Oates'Faithless:Tales ofTransgression(2001),explores female initiated violence,passive aggression,and othersubversive methods are the ways utilized by women to fight against sexual discrimination andmen centralism.Pamela Burger(2015)mentions that sexual violence is a narrative feature ofOates to describe women's pain.He examines the rape narrative in Oates'work,and revealsthe influence of literary history on the self-awareness of modern heroines,and shows thecomplexity of the interaction between readers and the heroines in novels.

Chapter 2 Theoretical Foundation

2.1 The Evolving of Inferiority Complex

Inferiority complex is first systematically put forward by Adler in Individual Psychologytheory.Before Adler divided inferiority into inferiority feeling and inferiority complex,somescholars have paid attention to the feeling of inferiority.The feeling of inferiority is acommon psychological phenomenon in human society.

P.Janet,a famous psychopathologist and psychologist was the first person to make ascientific explanation of inferiority feeling.He followed the concept-centered view ofpsychiatry in the 19th century,and believed that inferiority feeling was the stubborn emotioncaused by someone's own problems.Later,Sigmund Freud,the founder of Austrianpsychoanalysis,once put forward the concept of'penis envy',which means that girls have afeeling of inferiority because they have no genitals like boys.Against Freud's pansexualism,Édouard Claparède,believed the sense of inferiority is caused by the dissatisfaction of thedominant desire.Another psychologist,Erik Homburger Erikson,believed the fourth stage oflife was to deal with the contradiction between inferiority feeling and diligence in EightStages of Development.American clinical psychologist Aaron T.Beck took advantage ofautomatic information processing mechanism and drew a conclusion that the negativeautomatic thinking mode was an important reason for the generation of inferiority feeling.

2.2 Adler's Individual Psychology Theory

Adler's Individual Psychology theory centers on inferiority complex,and emphasizessocial consciousness of individuals.It involves several terms such as life style,pursuit ofsuperiority,social interest,inferiority complex and psychological compensation.Among them,the inferiority complex and psychological compensation are the most famous concepts in hisIndividual Psychology theory.Adler acknowledges that people have a sense of inferiority,andthose who suffer from infe本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。