《小妇人》和美国的价值观-"Little women" and American values [8]
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论文字数:5715论文编号:org201407251059051940语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:免费论文
关键词:《小妇人》美国价值观
摘要:《小妇人》是美国19世纪最具影响力的女性作家路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的杰作,是“一本写给女孩的作品”。这本书来自现实生活中,集南北战争为背景,并以国内日记的形式对三月四姐妹的成长经历进行描述。作者用简单的现实主义写作手法,再现了在19世纪晚期美国社会的文化价值观,并充分反映了新时代女性的独立精神。三月四姐妹不能忍受呆在家里和他们的贫穷生活,他们出去工作,挣钱养家,为了减轻父母的压力,追求经济独立,实现他们的自我价值。女主人公展示出他们的艺术才能,梅格出去工作挣钱,减轻家庭负担;乔违背传统婚姻,他们独立运营自己的报纸俱乐部;丈夫参加家庭的事情,这些都是新女性和女权主义的意识形态。
r career; for if she has any genius, she shall find it out inRome, and will do something to prove it. She visits museums and studies the pictures of great figures to cultivate her artistic eye and taste during her trip inEurope. However inRome, she finds out that she only gets the talent of art not genius. “Talent isn’t genius, and no amount of energy can make it so. I want to be great, or nothing. I won’t be a commonplace dauber, so I don’t intend to try any more” (Alcott, 2010:407). Though disappointed, she gives up her dream, decides to polish up her other talents. She wants to be an ornament to society, and continues her artistic pursuit in a compromising way. Though facing difficulty, she never compromises, in this way, she shows her virtue of self-assertion.
4 Influences on the March Sisters
Children are greatly influenced by their family. The March sisters grow up in a warm and happy family, are loved by their parents, have the freedom to play with their neighbour Laurie who is their friend and brotherhood. Poor though they are, they are optimistic to life and rich in spirit. And as the sisters grow up together, their mutual effects among themselves also influence their thoughts and behaviours gradually.
4.1 The March Parents’ Influences
When Mr. March leaves home to take part in the war and can’t instruct his daughter to their face, he guides her daughter by writing letters and tells them the principle of life. Mrs. March stays at home with the sisters, when they gets Mr. March’s letter, they regard it as a great present. Every time they read the letter with great joy, and learn something from it. On Christmas day, their father writes his expectation and hopes in a letter, which says “A year seems very long to wait before I see them, but remind them that while we wait we may all work, so that these hard days need not be wasted… They will be loving children to you, will do their duty faithfully, fight their bosom enemies bravely, and conquer themselves so beautifully that when I come back to them I may be fonder and prouder than ever of my little women” (Alcott, 2010:11). He hopes his daughters to have self-reflection and be better, and tells the sisters braver and intelligent.
Mrs. March is a feminist, she shows the nice and noble qualities of a women. She is not an ordinary mother, she faces their poverty with optimism, tells her daughters to keep being individual, self-esteem, modest (Lv Xiulian, 1986:148). When her daughters taste the disappointment and bitterness of life, she guides them how to learn self-denial and self-control, guides them to learn the importance and advantages of work and, guide them that work is more important than money and fashion clothes, guides them to learn the sense of self-knowledge and independence.
Meg used to be fond of luxury, and her chief trouble was poverty. She thought it’s hard to bear poverty, and a sense of injustice made her feel bitter toward everyone sometimes. When Meg says she wants to go to Annie Moffat, her rich friend’s home for vocation, Mrs. March agrees and decides to let her daughter experience the rich life and make comparison. Meg spends two amazing week there, though she is poor and doesn’t have beautiful new dresses, she still catches many eyes. But Laurie’s appearance makes Meg embarrassed, she begins to search the
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