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对比分析法就是使用比较(comparison)和对照(contrast)的方法论证命题的过程。比较和对照是相反的过程。比较就是通过比较,归纳出事物之间的相似之处(similarities)而对照就是通过对照寻找出事物之间的差异(contrasts)。对比分析段落命题句的构成,主要就是基于这一点之上。

通过比较,归纳事物之间的相似:

The camera and the eye are similar in many respects. They both need light rays in order to function. Both have a sensitive surface on which the image is formed. In the eye the image is formed on the retina. In the camera, the image is formed on the film. As in the camera, the image on the retina is inverted.

运用对照手法,寻找事物之间的差异:

Based on comparative data, I believe, that the U. S. approach to science is more efficient and appropriate than the European one.

European students conclude their liberal arts education, including sciences, at the secondary level of schooling with comprehensive exit examinations. Consequently, European universities are for specializations only and exclude general education components. The students follow a strict and rigid curriculum in both high school and college that allow for very few electives. The educational system in the United Stated stands apart from the rest of the world, however, because it operates with a free market spirit in a much less regulated, more laissez-faire climate. Its curricular organization is less structured, allowing the students themselves the freedom to make their own educational choices. This aspect of the American system is its strength, I believe.

3. 因果分析法(Linear Pattern Development by Cause and Effect)

该类型段落结构的命题句是以讨论命题因果(cause-and-effect)关系为基础的。原因指导致某一结果的人、事物或者事件;结果指由某种原因引起产生的结果。

It should be realized that Zero Population Growth is not an immediate answer. It will take time for its effects to become apparent . As Jacoby states, there will be 300million people living in the U. S. by A.D. 2050 if Zero Population Growth is started in 1975. But even three hundred million people polluting the earth is preferable to the population possibilities if Zero Population Growth is not realized. As for Jacoby’s economic fears, a large population inhibits economic growth, rather than enhances it. The United States has always been a leader in economic growth, while having a relatively small population when compared to poorer, more crowded countries, such as China and India. Obviously, the resources of India and China cannot handle the large population; starv本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。