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tem(长冲程抽油机系统动态性的计算机模拟)。文摘首句: Computer Simulation and analysis are conducted with the aid of an advance computer software-Deas to the dynamic characteristics of a rod long stroke pumping unit system…(采用先进的I-Deas软件对长冲程抽油机的动态特性进行了模拟和分析。)该句将标题中simulation更具体化了,并对题目的内容进行扩展。首句通常用重要的事实开头,尽量避免用辅助从句开头。如:用Power consumption of telephone switching systems was determined from data obtained experimentally而不用 From data obtained experimentally, power consumption of telephone switching systems was determined。
3.3　精练文摘
文摘应该严谨、翔实、明了、准确、规范。一般文摘在语义上,采用科技术语,分子式、方程式等非语言词的表达。如:将at a temperature of 250 to 300°C (在摄氏250度到300度)用at 250-300°C表示;at a high pressure of 20 MPa(压力为20 MPa的高压时用at 20 MPa表示。另外取消不必要的字句,如“It is reported...(据报道...)Extensive investigations show that...(大量调查表明...)The author discusses...
(作者讨论...)等等均应删去。对有些措词烦琐,应予以简化,如:将at the present moment改为now; in a considerable number of cases改为often等等。
3.4　正确使用时态及语态
文摘叙述尽量使用第三人称,用过去时态描述作者的工作,用现在时态描述所待出的结论。英文摘常采用被动语态。使表达更客观。有时也采用主动语态,使其在结构上更简练,表达更为直接,更好地突出动词所表达的内容。写作时应根据文摘的具体内容来决定语态。如,对研究结果,用被动语态使之更客观。A new numerical method is developed for 2 dimensional gravity-influenced free surface potential flows passing arbitrary curvillnear solid boundaries.(对求解二维自由曲面重力流提出了一种新的数值方法。)对研究结论,用主动语态显得更直接,更清楚。如:,Theoretical research and numerical calculations show that the method is good and fast in convergence and small in calculating quantity.(讨论研究和计算表明,该方法收 敛性好,收敛速度快,运算量小。)
3.5　语句简练,注意修辞
文摘行文尽量简洁,重点明了。词和主语不要太离散。如:不用The decolorization in solutions of the pigment in dioxane, https://www.51lunwen.org/englishpaper/ which were exposed to 10 h of UV irradiation, was no longer irreversible而用when the pigment was dissolved in dioxane, decolorization was irreversible after 10 h ofUV irradiation.(当颜料溶入二氧杂环已烷时,在紫外线光区为10以下时漂白不可倒转)。动词应尽量避免用动词的名词形式。如:用thickne本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。