从不同的心理学和社会学角度探讨委婉语 [3]
论文作者:英语论文网论文属性:职称论文 Scholarship Papers登出时间:2012-04-30编辑:apple点击率:4761
论文字数:9766论文编号:org201204301150318231语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:委婉语社会背景心理背景范围
摘要:本论文探讨了作为一种常见的语言现象,委婉语早就引起了人们的注意和重视,但很长时间以来人们对委婉语的研究范围主要限于词汇层次上等问题。
mers”,“slacks”,“Pants”and50on,andwhat15themostinteresting15whenpeoPleeannotreallyfindanewword,theyareealledas“unmentionable”.
InEnglish,theeuPhemismof“whore”and“brothel”eanbefoundeasily,forexamPle“workinggirl”,“walkingthestreet”and50on.
3.4Death
InEnglish,therearehundredsofeuPhemismsaboutdeath.IhShakesPeare’5works,forexamPle,in“Hamlet”,thereare“sureease”and“thawingoff”,in“JuliusCaesar”,thereare“puttosilence”and“ifanythingshou正dhaPPentohim”.TheIastonehassurvivedaIongtime.It。orrespondswiththeChinesesaying“若有个三长两短”.ManyeuphemismaboutdeathdiedawaybeforetheyeouldbesPreadout,forexarnPle,to90overtherange:tobealloverwithone,tostickone’5sPooninthewell:tocoekone’5toes:tojoinone’5aneestorstosliPone‘5breath.Therearesomethathavesurvivedinthehistory,forexamPle,tobreatheone’last,to90totheotherworld,toPassaway,and50on,TherearealsosomebranehesofeuPhemismaboutdeath,forexamPle,easket,ehurehyard,undertakersand50on.ButwiththePassingoftime,thesewordslosttheireuPhemismmeaning.
3.5Exeretion
InEnglish,therearemanysueheuPhemismaboutexeretion,forexamPle,toPasswater,to90tostool,toseethestars,togetsomefreshair,toseeone’5aunt,towashone,5handete.
GenerallysPeakingtherearetwocategories.One15somethingeonneetedwithwaterandwashing,theother15somethingeonneetedwithdressinguPandehangingelothes.ForexamPle,watereloset,W.C,washroom,lavatoryandbathroom,toiletroom,Powder,eomfortstation,ladies,room.
Sweating15alsoakindofexecrationbuteuPhemismaboutthisseemstobedyingaway.Atthebeginningofthiseentury“sweat”waseonsideredimProPertobeusedandeven“Perspire”wasforbiddentobeusedbywomen.WhenPeoPlewantedtoexPresssuehidea,theyoftensaid,“1feelwarm”.Buttoday,it15veryeommontouse“tobewetthrough”or“tobewetallover”andnoonewouldthinkitimPolite.
3.6LookingthroughthehistoryofEnglisheuPhemism,weeanseeelearlythatitsseoPejswideningbyandby.EuPhemismalsoemergedinothersocialasPectsbesidestheSixmCntionedabove.ForexamPle,therearernanyeuPhemismsaboutsocialoeeuPation.PeoPlewanttohaveajobwithadignifiedname,50euPhemismsaboutthisarebeingverywidelyused.Theword“industry”wasfirstusedonlytorefertothoseenterprisesofmachinemaking,butnowitcanbeusedforanyProfit一makingdePartment.Evenagriculturehasbecomefarmingindustry.TherearePigindustries,PoPularmusieindustry,extractiveindustry(akindofgambling).What15moreinteresting15that
“beautyshop”hasbeeome“women’5beautyindustry”.It15thesamefortheword“engineer”whieh1550
widelyusedthatanyPeoPlewhotakeonteehniealjobeanbeealledanengineer.ForexamPle“Plumbers”arecalled“PIPeengineer”or“heatingengineer”andPeoPlewhorePairtelePhoneareealled“telePhoneengineer”.Theword“servant”15nolongerusedandinthepast“maid”wasusedastheeuPhemismof“housemaid”.Attheendof19505orthebeginningof19605,“eharlady”wasusedinsteedof“ehoman”,butnowit15nolongerused.Insteedinmodernworld,PeoPleuse“homehelp”or“aupairgirl”.Therealsoexistalotof euPhemismwhieheanreflectsocialPhenomenonand soeial
Psychology.ForexamPle,handieaPped(eriPPled), ehildren’5Aidsociety(WaifsandStrays),aleoholies (drunkards),unfithouses(slum),queers(homosexuals),preownedear(oldear,secondhand,usedear).Although usingsueheuPhemismeannotehangethereality,it seemsthatboththesPeakerandthelistenereanget Psychologiealeomfortfromthat.
4 Conelusion
AsanimPortantlanguagePhenomenon,euPhemism willsurelyhaveaninflueneeonthehumanlanguage.Yetitstillneedsfurtherstudy,notonlyfromlexieon level.,butalsofromthelevelofgrammatiealand Phonetie.Besides,wealsoneedtostudythefundamental PrineiPlesgoverningthebuildingofeuPhemismsand thebasiec本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。