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In American literature, there are two sad versions of the American Dream: one is Fitzgerald’s Great Gatsby and theother is Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman. Both follow a clear pattern: a dream, then disenchantment, and finally a sense of failure and despair. Both Gatsby and Willy Loman are tragic but Willy is not as successful and “great” as Gatsby. “ Though living ‘ in a rough world’ where modern civilization is suffocating, Willy never seems to be aware of that and keeps on dreaming of success and living in illusions and lies. He dreams of establishing his own business, and of owning a house where there would be space, light and leisure to live. He dreams of ‘big’ future for his children who, however, inflated with his false praises, turned out to be good for nothing. Willy’s kind of success is never measured except in terms of dollars ” (Chang 398). At last Willy killed himself, though his wife Linda cannot understand this since she “made the last payment on the house” just after his death (Miller 139). However, what’s the meaning of the paid-up mortgage to Willy? The mind of Willy had already fallen apart under a pressure too much for him to bear before his death. On the surface it seems that Willy killed himself, but in fact, it is a kind of pressure that pushed him to the death road. Then, what is the pressure?

According to Barnet, the tragic protagonists perhaps act so that they bring their destruction upon themselves, or if their destruction comes from outside, they resist it, and in either case, they come to at least a partial understanding of the causes of their suffering, while pathetic figures, however, are largely passive, unknowing and unresisting innocents (Barnet 231). Willy Loman is tragic since his death comes from both outside and inside.

Just as “a solid vault of apartment houses around” his “small, fragile-seeming house”, at the beginning of the play， symbolizes: Willy is small and fragile, and eighty-four, sat in his hotel and made a living by telephoning the buyers. He hasn’t the insight that his son, Biff has, who can realize that “He (Willy) had the wrong dreams. All, all, wrong”(Miller 138).

The life of a salesman is not optimistic and devoid of worries. As Charley, the passionate businessman says in front of Willy’s grave:

…for a salesman, there is no rock bottom to the life. He don’t put a bolt to a nut, he don’t tell you the law or give you medicine. He is a way out there in the blue, riding on a smile and a shoeshine. And when they start not smiling back---- that’s an earthquake. And then you get yourself a couple of spots on your hat, and you are finished. Nobody dast blame on this man. A salesman is got to dream, boy. It comes with the territory. (Miller, 138)

Willy’s choosing to be a salesman is a mistake. He should have been a carpenter or a building contractor:

Biff: … When he built the extra bathroom; and put up the garage. You know something, Charley, there’s more of him in that front stoop than in all the sales he ever made.

Charley: Yeah. He was a happy man with a batch of cement. (Miller 138)

Willy is too weak and foolish to know himself clearly. He never realizes what he is and what he sho本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。