Kyoto Protocol to the advantage and defect of China [6]
论文作者:51lunwen论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-05-18编辑:steelbeezxp点击率:13762
论文字数:2000论文编号:org200905182251249259语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:Kyoto ProtocolCDMChinese enterprises
rnational rules of the game, from long-term look comprehensively undermines China's economic competitiveness.
3.3 The pressure of competition in the international market
141 in the "Kyoto Protocol" of the signatory countries, especially developed countries, 30 industries have occupied most of the international market, and the establishment of environmental protection rules of the game, virtually the formation of China's high-emission, low output obtained Products barriers to trade. With China's products occupy a growing number of international markets, increasing emissions, the more countries trade protectionism arising from backlash. The United States is a typical example. For example, the United States refused to sign the "Kyoto Protocol" one of the reasons is the "Kyoto Protocol" does not require a number of developing countries bear the emission reduction obligations, the developed countries to restrict greenhouse gas emissions to no avail. This has the potential to become a new factor in international trade dispute, triggered a number of developed countries, trade barriers, the impact of China's economic development and exports.
3.4 China's large-scale use of conventional energy pressure
"Kyoto Protocol" of greenhouse gases emission reduction requirements of the substance of the issue, involving the total energy consumption and efficiency. China's per capita GDP just over 1000 dollars, the state entered the middle stage of industrialization. From 1000 dollars to 3000 dollars is a critical period, energy demand is also high growth period --- the process of urbanization accelerated, high-rise, high-speed roads, railways, airports, power plants need a large number of infrastructure facilities such as cement, steel, nonferrous metals and other raw materials. In the long term, energy will be the bottleneck of China's economic development.
At present, China's industrialization and urbanization is accelerating the need to use a huge amount of energy, it may be a large number of China's conventional energy use of the pressure. China's energy structure mainly coal, oil and natural gas-based, coupled with backward technology energy use will have a large number of gas emissions, causing concern around the world, in the future may be severely restricted Chinese exhaust indicator. And even environmental issues will become the hands of trade protectionist’s weapons (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2003).
China's large-scale use of energy industries such as iron and steel industry, power generation industry, the ceramics have high energy input, low output, and the emissions characteristics. China Steel Industry Association Managing Director pointed out that, iron and steel enterprises such as the industrial sector will certainly have to be related to pressure, and will assume more restrictive conditions, including those who lag behind technology, equipment is not high in the big cities in particular iron and steel enterprises will assume more pressure, will have to proceed as soon as possible restructuring and technological updating. In addition, China's electric power to thermal power dominated. Thermal power plant desulfurization facilities are backward, but not Decarburization basic facilities, more serious gas emissions.
All these will bring to China's large-scale use of conventional energy sources, and future emission reduction required assuming greater responsibilities.
3.5 Anti-Poverty and ec
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