摘要:本文是一篇分析印度电力部门私有化的加拿大作业,在过去4-5年中印度的电力行业发生了巨大的改进,但是前进的道路并不顺利。有许多挑战需要克服,主要是由于面临着在我国的实施问题,实际上就是计划与实施之间存在差距。
Orissa (GRIDCO) - responsible for transmission and distribution functions
Orissa Power Generation Company (OPGC)- Responsible for thermal power generation
OPGC Divestment
In the year 1998, 49% of the shares of OPGC were divested by the Orissa Government in favour of a mechanism to include international partners through strategic bidding. The AES bid, at Rs 6.03 billion ($ 144.5 million), was the highest among bids from firms including the UK's PowerGen Plc, local firm BSES, and Tata, Reliance and Hindalco group companies.
By a detailed shareholders agreement, 41% of the share were transferred by the Government of Orissa to the AES corporation and another 8% were allotted to them in the name of their subsidiary in Mauritius.
Reform Phase II
In the second phase of the reform process, it was decided that the privatisation of the distribution activiites would be carried out by the company
Privatisation of Distribution Expenses
The processes were carried out in the following steps by the government of Orissa
Govt. of Orissa transferred the distribution assets and properties along with personnel of GRIDCO to four distribution companies CESCO, NESCO, WESCO and SOUTHCO
Through a process of international competitive bidding, GRIDCO disinvested 51% share to Private Sector Investors keeping a share holding 39% with it and 10% share for Employees Welfare Trust.
GRIDCO purchases power from independent generation utilities e.g. NTPC, OHPC, OPGC, IPPs, CPPs and provides it to four privatised distribution companies who in turn cater to the need of customers.
The new shareholding pattern of the various parts of the new structure is detailed below.
S No
Entity
Government (%)
Private (%)
1
GRIDCO
100
0
2
WESCO
49
51(Bombay Suburban Electricity Supply Company
)
3
NESCO
49
51(BSES)
4
SOUTHCO
49
51(BSES)
5
CESCO
49
51(AES Transpower)
6
OPGC
51
49(AES Transpower)
Impact of Reforms
There have been positive and negative aspects of the reforms that have taken place in Orissa.
Following the power sector reform, the net cash flow for Government of Orissa has improved significantly
The total electrified area in the state has increased by 13% over the last decade.
Orissa has been consistently registering a YoY increase in GDP of an average of 12% over the last 6 years
However at the same time, there have been a few questions of the entire divestment process that has been carried out by the state of Orissa. Few
statistics show the real and true state of affairs in Orissa.
The T&D losses that were assumed to be 39.5%, were actually greater than 50%. OERC based their Tariff Order considering 35% T&D losses, leading to an additional T&D loss of 15% being absorbed by GRIDCO as losses.
Private distribution companies are unable to pay GRIDCO a
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