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ional disorders such as depression if a person has holds a false belief or a 'thinking bias' that he is inadequate and worthless.

The central idea of a cognitive therapy is that a person's emotional reactions and behaviour are strongly affected by their cognitions which constitute the thoughts, beliefs and interpretations that they have about themselves that fundamentally is the meaning that the person gives to events in their lives. However, it follows that if an emotion arose due to a particular event then the same emotion would have to result for everyone who experienced that particular event. What actually happens is that people react differently in varying degrees to similar events. Any existential event in one person's life will inevitably not produce the exact emotional state in another person and cbt posits that there must be another agent.

凯利——Kelly
He begins by making the observation that human Psychology is essentially anticipatory challenging the contemporary behaviourist viewpoint that human intelligence was the consequence of conditioned learning. He proceeds to reason in an analytic fashion about the consequences that this observation must have for understanding human experience and intelligence. Kelly's work became the cornerstone of Social Psychology throughout the 1960s until in the late 1980s new theories of social psychology based on attribution theory came into vogue.

The title is used in diverse ways to designate behavior therapy,cognitive therapy, and to refer to therapy based upon a combination of basicbehavioralandcognitiveresearch.[1]

Anxiety Disorders: A Rational-emotive Perspective (Psychology Practitioner Guidebooks) (Paperback) Allyn & Bacon (Jun 1991) byRicks Warren(Author),George D. Zgourides(Author)

The main idea of the cognitive model is that it's the individuals way of thinking that creates the disorder (abnormality), and that it's the distorted and irrational thinking that is the cause rather than maladaptive behaviour Warren and Zgourides (1991) describe that it was the 'must' thoughts of these individuals that create the disorder, for example 'I must perform well otherwise it will be awful'.

Kovacs and Beck (1978) underlined some key ideas of the cognitive model, they said that 'from commonplace processes such as faulty learning, making incorrect inferences on the basis of inadequate or incorrect information, not distinguishing adequately between imagination and reality'. From this we are able to create a bond between behaviourists and cognitive approaches to define abnormality.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pros and cons of cons of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and determine if the approach this discipline presents may have productive effects for individuals that are afflicted by emotional duress / depression, due to the causal factor of institutional racism, which is the Achilles heel of American society, and has been the heart beat for in differential treatment between the races for several centuries.

定义——Definition
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an action-oriented form of psychosocial therapy that assumes that maladaptive, or faulty, thinking patterns cause maladaptive behavior and 'negative' emotions. (Maladaptive behavior is behavior that is counter-productive or interferes with e本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。