英语论文网

摘要：本文是一篇美国留学论文。随着经济的不断发展，社会生活节奏加快，交通事业出现了显著的变化，在不同的交通工具中,公路运输是最常见的。为了实现公路运输系统的优化，交通和运输工程师一直努力提高道路交通系统的可访问性和流动性。本文通过全球范围内道路交通导致的死亡人数和意外事故，分析解决问题的办法，以减少经济损失，降低事故发生率，促进国家稳定。

which was funded by the World Bank and was conducted by Terje Assum (1998). In the review, it stated that a road safety strategy which will enable a sustainable reduction of road accidents should be composed of the following seven components:

Competence

Political priority

Implementation

Funding

Organization

Monitoring and evaluation

Time

Research

Time

Even in the developed countries like Western Europe and North America, the implementation of road safety measures took some time. The seat belt was invented in the 1940s and 1950s (Trinca et al. 1988), but was not compulsory in front seats until the 1970s, and in rear seats not until the 1980s in Scandinavia. More knowledge of effective countermeasures of road traffic accidents exists now than 30 to 50 years ago, when Western Europe and North America faced road safety problems similar to those in Africa in the 1990s.

Competence

Knowledge about effective road safety measures is important for a reduction in road accidents. For the reduction to be sustainable, the persons who work permanently in the road safety sector must be nationals. Some of these nationals already have the essential knowledge and skills, and others will need training.

Implementation of road accident countermeasures

Countermeasures must to be implemented in a strategic method that shows results both right away and over the longer term. In doing so, concentration should be paid to the key elements that underlie and enhance risk. Furthermore, there are vital differences between the various countermeasures in terms of their impact, their costs, and the timelines within which they can be implemented, which will state the options for action. In particular, those that involve new legislation will take substantial time to implement.

Organization of road safety work

Competent organization of the road safety work, particularly in the civil service, is essential for implementing accident countermeasures.

Monitoring, evaluation, dissemination and research

After the implementation of a road safety strategy, it is necessary to evaluate and monitor the effectiveness and progress of the strategy. Pretorius and Mulder (1997) pointed out that evaluation is required at all steps of a road safety program in order to ensure proper implementation and needed adjustments. In the new road safety guidelines of the European Union, monitoring and evaluation is the first of the three high priority areas (Preston G, 1997). The monitoring and evaluation must incorporate a method for collecting and analyzing road accident data to follow the accident trends.

Funding

Adequate allocation of funds to road safety work is important for implementation of road safety measures and works. Funds are also needed for research and development.

Political Priority

The 2004 World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention outlines numerous steps governments can take to develop an effective nat本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。