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es to analyze the object existing in the realworld. And it is a question always thought by philosophers. Of course, philosophersalso concern about lexical definition, namely, to present the meaning of the worditself. Nevertheless, logic definition and lexical definition are both trying to presentthe conceptual meaning of a word, which is the main content of a dictionary. It isparticularly so or more important in learner’s dictionary. (Zhang Yihua, 2002, p. 91).Generally speaking, the study of dictionary definition includes two aspects:practical aspect and theoretical aspect. The former refers to the different means ofdefinition and exemplification, such as paraphrase, stipulative definition, functionaldefinition, and pictorial definition, etc.. While the latter refers to the study of theessence and possibility of definition in dictionary, such as the purpose of definition,the closure of definition, etc.. (Zhang Xinhua, 2000).From the published works and articles related to definition, the study oflexicographic definition can be divided into three aspects: the static research, thedynamic research and the interdisciplinary research.
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2.2 Previous Studies on Pictorial Illustrations in Dictionary
According to Stein (2002, pp. 172-174), pictorial illustrations first appeared in aprinted monolingual dictionary is in Thomas Elyot’s Dictionary (1538) andsubsequently in Huloet (1552), Cooper (1565). Huloet was enlarged by Higgins(1572), Bullokar (1616), Cockeram (1632) and Thomas Blount’s Glossographia(1656). Hupka (1989) made it clear that Blount used two woodcuts only to illustratetwo words in heraldry: canton and gyron. Glossographia Anglicana Nova (1707) is,according to Stranes and Noyes (1946, p. 94), the “first English dictionary to makeany considerable use of woodcuts”. So it is woodcuts that enabled illustrations to beprinted on the same page as the verbal descriptions to which they refer. Thus,illustrations and text were incorporated within an entry in a dictionary. Whileengravings, as another illustration in early dictionaries, had to be printed on aseparate page, so several drawings or diagrams, illustrating several different words,would have to be printed on the same page.
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Chapter Three Theoretical Foundation ....... 21
3.1 Multimodal Discourse Analysis........ 21
3.2 Existing Studies from the Multimodal Perspective ........ 24
3.3 Application of Multimodal Analysis to Lexicography....25
Chapter Four Research Design ....... 27
4.1 Introduction......... 27
4.2 Data Collection ......... 27
4.3 Data Processing......... 29
Chapter Five Results and Discussion.... 31
5.1 Introduction......... 31
5.2 Statistical Results ...... 31
5.3 Discussion of the Illustration Treatment in ELDs .... 33
5.4 Relations Between Image and Lemma ......... 41
5.4.1 Image-Lemma Relations in OALD8......... 41
5.4.2 Image-Lemma Relations in LDOCE4 ...... 46
5.4.3 Image-Lemma Relations in CIDE ...... 47
5.4.4 Summary......... 48
5.5 Relations Between Word Definition and Pictorial Illustration ......... 49
5.6 Multimodal Definition Modes in ELDs........ 51
5.7 Summary....... 55

Chapter Five Results and Discussion

5.1 Introduction
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