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nbsp;talk”  (1987:  31).  Later,  she regards  DMs  as  “non-obligatory  utterance  initial  items  that  function  in  relation  to ongoing  talk  and  text”  (2006:  321-2).  She  suggests  that  DMs  comprise  a  set  of linguistic  expressions  from  word  classes  like  conjunctions  (e.g.  and,  but,  or), interjections (e.g. yeah, oh), adverbs (e.g.  now, then), and lexicalized phrases (e.g. y’ know, I mean), etc. 
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Chapter Three   Theoretical Framework .... 24 
3.1   Relevance Theory ........ 24
3.2   DMs and Relevance Theory ............. 27 
3.2.1   Utterance Production and DMs ........ 28 
3.2.2   Utterance Interpretation and DMs ............. 28 
3.3   Functions of DMs in Written Discourse .... 29
 Chapter Four   Methodology.... 32 
4.1   Research Material and Corpus Construction ....... 32 
4.2   Research Instruments ............. 33 
4.3   Data Collection ............ 35 
4.4   Data Analysis ..... 36 
Chapter Five   Findings and Discussion ...... 38 
5.1   General Situations of CDMs in the Two Corpora .......... 38 
5.2   Syntactical Features of CDMs in the Two Corpora ....... 46 
5.2.1   The Positions of CDMs .......... 46 
5.2.2 The Flexibility of CDM’s Position ..... 48
5.2.3   Summary ............ 50 
5.3   Problems in the use of CDMs by Chinese English Majors ...... 51 

Chapter Five   Findings and Discussion 

In Chapter 3, we have discussed the research materials and corpora, the research instruments,  as  well  as  the  procedure  of  data  collection  and  analysis.  In  this  chapter, the data will be further analyzed through making quantitative and qualitative analysis in order to answer the research questions and the results will be discussed. 

5.1   General Situations of CDMs in the Two Corpora 

In chapter two, the relevant studies on DMs and CDMs have been reviewed, and we  know  that  many  scholars  have  provided  their  own  lists  of  CDMs,  among  which Fraser’s  classification  of  CDMs  is  the  most  detailed  and  systematic  one,  thus,  it  will be  adopted  in  the  present  study.  According  to  Fraser’s  classification  (1996)[10],  there are 25 CDMs, namely, but, however, though, although, all the same, be that as it may, despite,  even  so,  in  spite  of,  nevertheless,  nonetheless,  regardless,  whereas,  still,  yet, on the other hand, instead of, rather, in fact, in reality, in contrast, in comparison, on the contrary, contrary to and conversely. But five of these CDMs (be  that  as  it  may, even so, all the same, regardless and in reality) do not appear neither in the LC nor in the本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。