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, heave, hurl, fling). Its emphasis on Manner  makes the path information  in  motion events a secondary  issue. Path  information  is  often  expressed  in  particles  or  adverbials.  On  the  contrary, verb-framing  languages value Path information rather than Manner  information: Path verbs are often placed at the centre of clauses, leaving Manner information in gerund or adverbials at the end of the clause. Therefore, language users of different typology describe  the  same  motion  event  differently,.  For  example  speakers  of  English  (a satellite-framed  language)  and  Spanish  (a  verb-framed  language)  were  asked  to observe  a  short  clip  of  a  bottle  on  the  surface  of  water  that  gets  into  a  cave,  by  the force  of  current.  Their  depiction  of  movement  distinguishes  their  language production.  
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Chapter 2 Literature Review 

In this section, we focus on previous research pertaining to motion event typology and discourse studies.  The typological status of Chinese has been examined with various methodologies, leading  to  three  different  conclusions.  Talmy  (1985，2000)  classifies  Chinese  as  a satellite-framed language, analogizing Chinese Path elements to English verb particles. Zhang  (2007)  supports Talmy?s  conclusion.  In  contrast, Tai  (2003)  and  Wu  (2009) place  Chinese  with  verb-framed  languages.  Slobin  (2004),  focusing  on  syntactic function  of  Path  elements,  proposes  a  third  type,  equipollently  framed  languages,  to include  serial  verb  languages  like  Chinese  and  Thai.  Chen  (2005,  2007),  Kan  (2010) and Ji (2014) corroborate Slobin?s proposal.   In Talmy?s words, ?Chinese has Path satellites and constructions that are entirely homologous with those of English? (2000:109). His definition of ?satellite? refers to ?any  constituent  other  than  a  nominal  complement  that  is  in  a  sister  relation? (2000:222)  to  the  verb  root.  The  satellite  elements  can  be  morphologically distinguished  from  the  verb  root  and  cannot  stand  alone  syntactically  as  an independent  verb  or  predicate.  This  is  not  applicable  to  Chinese  resultative  verb compounds. Chinese verbs are not morphologically marked and so the morphological criteria  is  inapplicable.  Secondly,  the  syntactic  function  of  a  given  grammatical element  in  Chinese  is  quite  flexible.  Examples  7a,  7b  and  7c  all  involve  the  verb shang4,  but  it  assumes  a  different &nb本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。