英语论文网

id. "Aren't I enough for you?" she asked. “No," he said. "You are enough for me, as far as woman is concerned. You are all women to me. But I wanted a man friend, as eternal as you and I are eternal.” “Why aren't I enough?" she said，"You are enough for me. I don't want anybody else but you. Why isn't it the same with you?" "Having you，I can live all my life without anybody else, any other sheer intimacy. But to make it complete, really happy, I wanted eternal union with a man toos another kind of love,”he said. "I don't believe it，”she said, "It's an obstinacy, a theory. a pervesity. " "Well-”he said. "YQU can't have two kinds of love. Why should you!” "It seems as if I can't.”he snid, "Yet I wanted it.” "You can't have it, because it's wrong, impossible尸she said. 本段引文出自于《恋爱中的女人》中的最后一段，可以认为弗洛伊德主义在这里得到充分的体现.根据R. Hasan (1985)的观点，小说语篇的叙述层次(plane of narration)可分为两个层次:主观叙述层(the subjective plane of narration)，用来表达小说中主人公的叙述.客观叙述层(the objective plane of narration)丧示的是隐含的叙述者的叙述。本段引文中的绝大多数句子属第一个层次。在所引用的直接引语句子层次中，共有25个动词，其中有6个物质过程和2个心理过程分别由Birkin和Ursula为其施事者或“感觉者”，而其余的17个关系过程则被恰如其分地用来阐述彼此间的观点，双方争论的焦 点集中在“爱情”和“人性”这一主题。除了直接引语句子这一层次中的各种过程之外，其余的均为言语过程，其说话者为主人公Birkin或Llrsula担任，我们不妨将上述讨论图表于下:(表见下页) 然而.笔者饶有兴趣地发现随着故事情节的逐渐展开，狄更斯运用言语过程和心理过程的颇率大大增加，而劳伦斯也更多地开始使用心理和言语过程。正如耿德所言:年轻人喜欢思考。这在两部小说语篇中得到了证实.《恋爱中的女人》的主人公始终是年轻人，而狄更斯的奥列佛•退斯特随着光阴的流逝也变得日趋成熟，而且随着小说情节的展开，人物之间的交流也就变得更为频繁，这也在情理之中. ┌─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┐ │《奥列佛•退斯特》 │《恋爱中的女人》 │ ├─────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤ │1.关系过程从“尸的角度叙述 │1.关系过程从小说中的主人公的角度叙述 │ │2.物质过程的施事者通常为“I"或者以被动语态│2.物质过程以小说中的主人公作为其施事者 │ │ 的形态出现 │3心理过程和言语过程以小说主人公作为“感觉 │ │3.心理过程以及言语过程同样有“1”分别担任 │ 者”和“言语者” │ │ “感觉者”和“言语者” │4.几乎没有存在过程 │ │4.若千存在过程 │ │ └─────────────────────┴─────────────────────┘ 3. 2小说中主人会个性分析与及物性 及物性也能帮助我们有效地对小说中人物个性展开分析.先读下面一段: "MY boY 1”said the old gentleman, leaning over the desk. Oliver started at the sound. He might be excused for doing so, for the words were kindly saidi and strange sounds frightened one. He trem- bled violently. and burst into tears. "My boy 1”said the old gentleman. "You look pale and alarmed. What is the matter?" "Stand a little away from him, Beadle,"said the other ma4istrate:laying aside the paper, and lean-ing forward with an expression of inter.".st. "Now, boy, tell us what's the matter: don't be afraid.” Oliver fell on his knees. and clasping his hands together, prayed that they would order him back to the darkroom-that they would starve him-beat him-kill him if they pleased—rather than send him away with that dreadful man. 本段引文出自当奥列佛交代了“他再要添一点粥”的罪行，并叙述由于这一罪行而将他以五镑的价格出售的情景。这应该是一个奥列佛与假仁假义的羞事和监护人的对话过程，但实际上，奥列佛一声不吭，只是默歇地祈祷.如果从直接引语句子这一层次来分析慈事和监护人的话语的话，共有8个小句，其中2个属于呼语，其余4个均为关系过程.生动地刻划了他们对奥列佛所给予的“慈父般的关怀”。此外与他们有关的物质过程有3个:“…leaning over the desk.. . ,…laying aside the paper, and leaning forward with an expression of interest"，这一描写勾西出了那伙脑满肠肥、狡诈残忍的人的形象。 然而对于奥列佛来说，他并没有任何言语过程而只是心中为自己默默地祈祷，这就构成了他们之间的谈话只能是一种“假设性”(supposed)的文谈，在这段短短的描写中董事和监护人的言语过程多达3次，而奥列佛所想表达的只能出现于客观叙述层中的第二层次—间接客观叙述层(用来表达叙述者说或想的话).与奥列佛有关的过程有13个，其中12个为物质过程，这些物质过程极为生动地描写了一个饱受饥饿煎熬的孩子怀着忐忑不安的心情，迈着颇抖的步伐来到这些决定他命运的人面前的模样.在动词started之后的句子中，奥列佛从“the words were kindly said”中产生T他也许会得到宽恕的想法，奇怪的语调又使他惊恐万分，本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。