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rolific and versatile literary critic and editor of the Dictionary of National Biography, was respected by all the great literati of his day. His intellectual talent and conversation surely influenced his children. The young Woolf was able to take advantage of his father’s abundant library and had since then immersed herself in the world of literature. Woolf’s mother, Julia Stephen was a devoted wife and mother who helped to bring out the more emotional sides of her children. Woolf’s remembrance of her affection for her mother was to be reflected in the characterization of Mrs. Ramsay in To the Lighthouse (1927). For much of Virginia Woolf’s life, her mother, who was long dead, was a constant “invisible presence”, but after writing To the Lighthouse Woolf no longer felt haunted by her mother. Woolf recognized her mother’s influence on her in A Sketch of the Past: “the presence of my mother obsessed me. I could hear her voice, see her, and imagine what she would do or say as I went about my day's doings. She was one of the invisible presences who after all play so important a part in every life” (MB, p.80). No wonder not a few critics made the assumption that Woolf relied on close attachment to women as a way to recover maternal protection and affection, so as to get over the loss of her mother. Just as Katherine Dalsimer states in Virginia Woolf: Becoming a Writer, in writing To the Lighthouse, Woolf was “thinking back through” Mrs. Ramsay to her own mother, and “it is for this reason that this fictional presence came to command the center of the imaginative world of the novel-for the other characters, for readers and critics, and for Woolf herself-regardless of her conscious intention when she began to write” (Dalsimer, 2001, p.7).

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