在男性主导的职业中工作的女性 [3]
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2015-07-12编辑:xiaoni2000点击率:7308
论文字数:2568论文编号:org201507031129112743语种:英语 English地区:澳大利亚价格:免费论文
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摘要:本文是一篇澳大立业留学生课程作业,主要介绍了在男性占主导的职业上女性的处境。
t was 45.8 per cent in Literary Sciences, 13.9 percent in
Medical Sciences, and 27.7 per cent in Social Sciences in the same academic year. These percentages reflect the distribution of women in academia. And also it has been reported that women are more greatly represented in some engineering departments more than others. at Alfateh university (which is the first and the biggest university in Libya) for the year 2002-2003, the percentage of female students was: 35 per cent in architectural and civil engineering, 32 per cent in chemical and nuclear engineering, 23 per cent in computing engineering, but only 10 per cent in petroleum engineering, These ratios clearly illustrate that a substantial gap exists between petroleum engineering and other departments. Petroleum engineering has been always considered as unattractive department, Moreover there is also a fact that exploration and production of oil and gas is frequently seemed as an un-charmed, dull activity.
The interesting fact in the case of Libyan that women in academic life do not report having faced any discrimination throughout their university education and academic lives. On the contrary, they claim that they `received fair and equal treatment in the academic world but this completely different for women engineers in professional life. There are many obstacles which deter talented females from working as professionals or make it difficult for them to achieve their full career potential.
'Petroleum Engineering is an applied science more than theoretical. to be a good effective engineer you should work in the oil and gas fields which are always located far away from the civilian life in the desert and also on an isolated sea platforms. Digging wells connecting pipes and drilling bits by your own hand measuring the pressure and temperature in the well heads and also being able to deal with the everyday exploration and drilling surprises. In other words you must be following the process of exploration and drilling oil wells step by step from the beginning to the stage of the oil flowing from production pipelines' (Cunha, 2004)
Cunha (2004) also argues that there is no other way to be a successful petroleum engineer and to gain the required and essential experience in the professions of oil industry this might be suitable for male engineers but it is not permitted for the females in Arab societies( Shaban,2006). According to Shaban (2006) there are several factors for this Prevention which can be summarized in three main reasons. The fist factor is the Islamic religion which prohibits the mixing of women and men, especially in isolated places like oil fields. Another factor is the Libyan society which is a conservative society, has strong social ties and special traditions that deny women's work for long hours outside which might extend for weeks in the case of working hours in the oil fields. Finally the Libyan law, which does not allow any sensible person to carry out actions or statements contravene Islamic religion and Libyan customs and also does not allow women to work at any kind of jobs which do not commensurate with their physical and psychological abilities .
Therefore, female petroleum engineers would not have the opportunity to work at the oil fields and as a result will not be able to gain the required expertise and knowledge to be successful engineers.
Soltan (2008) indicate that in 2007 the pr
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