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Chapter 1 Introduction
Space,as one of the most basic cognitive categories,plays an essential role in people’s life and in the ways of their cognizing the world.Owing to its elementary status,the exploration of space has been attracted a great number of scholars of various fields in all ages.Spatial locality, which aims to define the relationship of the objects in space,has been a heat topic in the field of linguistics nowadays.As a result,this topic is also chosen in the present paper.The first chapter of this paper sets out to make clear the research background and the research objectives,and then some research questions will be proposed,followed by the significance of this thesis.

1.1 Research Background
Since space enjoys a privileged position as a fundamental ontological category in language (Lan Chun,2003),and human conception of space seems to structure other parts of the conceptual system through metaphorical mappings,the study of metaphorical meanings of spatial locality have recently appealed to more and more scholars in linguistic area with the boom of cognitive linguistics since 1980s.
For the experiences of physical space are basically the same all over the world,people in different countries have much in common in cognizing the spatial structures.With respect to the concept of spatial locality,which includes up-down,front-back,in-out,deep-shallow, central-peripheral and so on(Lakoff and Johnson,1980),has become a closed class(Cai Yongqiang,2010:15).The experience of spatial exploration and the linguistic spatial expressions are closely related,and different cultures adopt different linguistic forms to convey certain spatial locality.For instance,in Chinese the locality words,verbs and adjectives are employed to express spatial locality,while in English the prepositions and adverbs are widely used to indicate spatial relations.With the development of world economic integration and cultural diversity,cross-cultural communication between different countries has become popular and increasingly frequent.
Language,as a carrier of culture itself,is a kind of cultural models,and people start acquiring their language since their childhood,with the integration of the all the cultural values,principles and customs into their thoughts and behaviors(Dai Zhaoming,1996:26).As a result,if people from different countries want to have a better understanding in the process of cross-cultural communication,it is of great importance for them not only to comprehend the literal meanings of the conversation in a foreign language,but also to interpret the deep meanings under the surface especially those metaphorical meanings endowed by the particular culture.Just as Yang Zhong (2008)pointed out,that metaphor is a universal thinking method of learning new things through familiar ones,but specific metaphorical expressions in different languages are characteristic of typically ethic and cultural features.As a result,a contrastive analysis of cognitive thinking method in English and Chinese transcategorization,based on metaphor,will give rise to some similarities and differences in terms of meaning creation between two language cultures Therefore,it is necessary to conduct a comparative research on metaphorical meanings between different languages.
1.2 Research Objectives

参考文献：
[1]Allen K．The Anthropocentricity of the English Word(s)back[J]本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。