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he server,there would be a great difference between the 

the fact and forecast.The phenomenon that the information of demand has been distorted is called Bullwhip Effect(Blackburn, J., V. Guide Jr., G. Souza and L. van Wassenhov,2004).

2 the cost effect
Thousands of activities are performed and coordinated within a company, and every company is by nature in some way involved in supply chain relationships with other companies. Empirical research has led to the conclusion that “the structure of activities within and between companies is a critical cornerstone of creating unique and superior supply chain performance(” Guide, V. Jr., T. Harrison and L. van Wassenhove,2003). Successful supply chain management requires integrating business processes with key members of the supply chain. Valuable resources are wasted when supply chains are not integrated, appropriately streamlined, and managed. The value of having standard business processes in place is that managers from different organizations in the supply chain can use a common language and can link-up their firms’ processes with other members of the supply chain, as appropriate(Jones, P., C. Clarke-Hill, P. Shears, D. Comfort and D. Hillier,2004).
But when a corporation meet difficulties like Bullwhip Effect,There would be some aftereffect that we must charging with.For example, the problem that we must fall across are:the storage from every node has been enlarged,the profit of corporation has been went or come down.the bankroll has been tied up,meanwhile the risk of corporation has been augmented,and it also come forth low efficiency about the chain.The abusing of resource inefficiency make the program and management from every point in supply chains more difficult.Besides that,it also can make the follow compromise:
(1)When the changes from wholesaler to producer is larger than the changes of buyers’ demands,the corporation may be in a disorder state,which make us have no method to know the real demand of market.
(2)When a product is in a large number of distribution,the storage can not be reduced
rapidly,which make the large number of engross and the low steady capital gain.
(3) When every node only takes account of its own benefit,they did not think for the function of apply chain.So the benefit of whole apply chains can not be stick up for.

(4)Because of Bullwhip Effect,the node of supply chains enlarge the nonconfidence One another.The cooperation becomes a brief action,which can not benefit the form of chains.

3 measure the state of corporation
On the assumption that every node has stored a number of goods for seven days,it means that every node buy stuff from their superior,the stuff can meet seven day’s need.the needs for a product is 100 units per seven days.If in the seven days,the need from the last consumer go up to 5 units,suppose they delivered rapidly,we can see the influence Bullwhip Effect make.
Qualification:the demand of supply chains is 100 units every 7days
Demands means the number that next tache purchase
The storage of initial stages in every seven days means the storage of telophase of last cycle
The final storage must be the need of this cycle
Units of purchase is the demand add up to any changes in storage
Number of purchase=pure need +(final storage –init本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。