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伊斯兰教国家向来被视作暴力的、不合群、低卑的群体，还被视作西方世界的敌人。整个历史时期伊斯兰教国家都在为公平斗争。伊斯兰国家与西方国家在政治、文化和宗教上的实实在在的不同导致了两方关系紧张化。更多经济上的不一致、不平等、现代化（也包括对现代化的抵制），以及对西方强大力量和伊斯兰国家弱小卑微的描述，成为了这些不同的根源。赛义德的“东方风格”（1978），巴伯的“对抗麦当劳世界”的圣战（2001），亨廷顿的“文明的碰撞”（1996），霍尔的“西方世界与被遗忘的世界”（1992），马力克的“文化之战”（1996），都集中关注这两种文化的不同，以及它们是如何显示的。

这是一个极其有趣的时代，因为现在就是两种文化之间的矛盾最为激化。基于帝国主义、现代主义、全球化和殖民主义，西方文明处于优势地位，这导致了东方世界主要主义者组织数量的剧增，因为在这个加速现代化的世俗社会中，他们要比以往更加努力的去保存自己的文化、传统和身份。

Concepts and events that shaped and formed Western and Islamic identity: A focus on cultural, religious and political differences.

Islam has traditionally been depicted as violent, different, inferior and an enemy to the West. Through history Islam has fought for equality. Tension between the West and Islam arises from substantial differences in politics, and cultural and religious differences. More specifically economic disparity, inequality, modernism (and resistance to it), and the depiction of Western superiority and Islam’s inferiority underlie these vast differences. Said’s ‘Orientalism’ (1978), Barber’s ‘Jihad v McWorld’ (2001), Huntington’s ‘Clash of Civilisations’ (1996), Hall’s ‘West and the Rest’ (1992), and Malik’s ‘Cultural Wars’ (1996) focus on where differences between the two cultures lie, and how they have manifested.

This era is especially interesting because it is a time where conflict between the two cultures is most volatile. The West is at peak power due to imperialism, modernisation, globalisation and colonialisation, which has resulted in the rise in the number of fundamentalist groups in the East because it (Islam) is fighting more than ever to maintain its culture, traditions and identity in the wake of an increasingly modern and secular world. The post Cold War period had a telling effect on how Islam sought for equality and the right for religious, political, and freedom in an attempt to maintain and protect its identity.

The ways in which both are portrayed and subsequently perceived largely affect how society sees the West and Islam. That being said, the misrepresentation, a lack of understanding and knowledge, bias, and stereotyping has contributed to the perception of Islam’s difference. Recent events such as the Afghanistan War, the September 11 attacks, and terrorist activity seem to reinforce the negative stereotypes that the Western World holds of Islam.

It is important to examine the roles in which the East have played in the formation of West’s identity and just as important, the role the West had in forming the East’s identity. It is essential to establish how ‘different’ these two cultures are, and how the East ‘helped’ the West form it’s superior, 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。