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ry and quality of oral care.
     These are:
     New educational technologies that make learning - both knowledge and skills - simpler and
faster for all types of personnel;
     Simplified and logical design of oral clinics that improve the workplace and substantially re duce capital costs of equipment and need for maintenance;
     Better materials that are easier and simpler to use.
     Using these technological advances 3 types of care can be defined:
     Rather simple, very cost effective,
     Moderate level technology that is rather expensive, and
     High technology, often extremely expensive. .
     A rational, health promoting and affordable mix of care must be planned and implemented in all countries.
     First level care includes:
     Prophylaxis, removal of calculus, application of sealant, restoration of single surface caries cavities
     As a consequence of improving oral health in most industrialized countries the need for moderately complex care is decreasing. With further emphasis on prevention, need and demand for first level interventions will increase slightly; while the need for high technology care will probably increase for several decades due to the desire to preserve natural teeth and the increasing numbers of elderly people, who have some natural teeth.
First level, mainly non-interventive care will continue to be the major need in most developing countries. This type of care can now be provide by specially trained health center personnel, rather than by the traditional dentist or auxiliary worker.

     In those developing countries where caries is increasing, a rising demand for moderate technology care will continue over the next few decades.
     A rather small need for high technology care – mainly related to repair of trauma and reconstruction after severe pathology – will remain and will eventually increase.
     Moderately complex care includes multiple surface restorations, removal prostheses and extractions.
     Complex oral care includes precision prosthetics, implants orthodontics, complex surgery and oral medicine.
     In all countries prevention and control care can minimize the need for intervention.
In any society, high technology can only be afforded in limited amounts. It must be of good quality and appropriate.

Alternative systems in industrialized countries

Increasing access to basic oral care
     First level, mainly non-invasive interventions have been prepared and are being tested as part of the work of community health clinics for minority groups and low-income inner city and rural communities. The elderly and groups with special needs would also benefit from out-reach activities from such clinics which would provide health education and promotion coordinated with health-check programmes by multidisciplinary personnel. As effective, simple and acceptable care reduces the referral need s for the moderate and high technology type of care, oral care costs could be reduced by this approach to a level that can be sustained by most communities.本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。