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塞内加尔是一个语言上十分独特的国家，准确说来有36种语言。语言学家 将这些语言划分为两大科，一科为大西洋语，一科为曼丁哥语。大西洋语主要分布在该国西部，包括沃洛夫语、谢列尔语、富拉语和朱拉语；曼丁哥语主要分布在该国东部，包括班巴拉语、马林凯语和索宁克语。塞内加尔的官方语言是法语，这从它沦为法国殖民地时期一直传承到今天。占据主流地位的语言是沃洛夫语。沃洛夫语和富加人联系紧密，因为这个民族的大部分人都讲沃洛夫语。塞内加尔之所以有这么多种语言，可能是因为非洲的很多土地被不同的国家占据为殖民地，这些地方的人们来到塞内加尔时，也带来了他们的语言。当地聋哑人教育采用的是美式手语。

塞内加尔有二十个民族，它们规模大小不一，对于如此小的国家来说，民族数目是庞大的。其中一个民族叫做芒代。从13世纪开始，这些人就是穆斯林。很多芒代人都相信护符的力量。芒代族主要的艺术形式是雕刻和珠宝。他们还生产美丽的梭织物，这些梭织物在西非十分流行。他们也会用金银制作项链、手镯和耳环。

Senegal is a unique country with many languages, 36 to be exact. Linguists divide the languages into two different families. These families are Atlantic and Mande. The Atlantic family is generally found in the western part of the country. It includes Wolof, Serer, Fula, and Diola. The Mande languages are found in the eastern part and include Bambara, Malinke, and Soninke. French is the official language, because it was inherited from the colonial era when Senegal was under French rule. The most dominant language is Wolof. Wolof is related to Fula, which is also spoken by a large part of the population. There are probably many different languages in Senegal because many other parts of Africa have different languages because they were colonized by different groups and when people come into Senegal, they bring their language with them. Education for the deaf uses American Sign Language.

They also have twenty ethnic groups of varying size, a very high amount for such a small country. One ethnic group is called the Mandé people. These people have been primarily Muslim since the 13th century. Many of the Mandé people believe in the power of Juju. The Mandé people’s arts are primarily carvings and jewelry. The Mandé produce beautifully woven fabrics, which are very popular in Western Africa. They also make necklaces out of silver and gold, bracelets, armlets, and earrings. The bells that are seen on the necklaces are meant, spiritually, to be a way of contacting spirits, ringing in both worlds so their nonliving ancestors could hear them. Mandé hunters wear a single bell, so that it can be silenced when stealth is vital. Women wear multiple bells, giving a sense of community, because of their harmonious ring. Much of the music of the Mandé people is played on a kora, a stringed instrument with at least 21 strings. It is performed by families of musicians. The Mandé languages are Mandika, Soninke, Bambara, Dioula, Bozo, Mende, Susu, and Vai.

Another Senegalese ethnic group is the Wolof. Wolof is the most dominant group, with 43.3% of the population. They are also mostly Muslim. Next is the Fula, the second most populous ethnic group with 23.8% of the population. They speak the Fula language and were Islamized long ago.

A slightly smaller group, the Serer, encompass 14.7% of the Senegalese population. They speak the Cangin languages.本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。