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摘要：本文是一篇英语论文范文，本文的基础是作者对中国盆景栽培与鉴赏的英译。第一章简要介绍了该系统的重要性和结构。第二章列举了译者在整个翻译项目中遇到的主要困难，并对其进行了分析。第二章对第二章所述的不同困难的解决方案进行了全面、结构合理的介绍。在此基础上，第四章对研究结果和局限性进行了总结，并对其进行了反思，并撰写了本文的研究报告。

above, the source text Cultivation and Appreciation of ChineseBonsai is a compound text with both information and inspiration functions. Therefore,itisa prerequisitefor translation tolearncomprehensivelyabout different texts’stylisticfeatures.

2.1.1 Lexical Features

The source text is centered on Chinese bonsai – a representative branch of Chinesetraditional horticulture. Therefore, the very first remarkable lexical feature is a largenumber of proper nouns, including names of different species of plants and gardeningmethods. Meanwhile, the author of the source text tries to appreciate different bonsaiswith his understanding of Chinese philosophy and aesthetic values. As a consequence,many culturally loaded words are used to elaborate on those philosophical and aestheticanalysis. This entails knowledge in both horticulture and Chinese culture.

Apart from them, there are also some special expressions including popular namesof plants and gardening methods. Some of them derive from different dialectics indifferent Chinese regions and the rest of them are hard to track down the origin.

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2.2 Major Difficulties

The difficulties are analyzed and listed in three different aspects: terminology,sentence and discourse. In terminology aspect, there are a large number of proper nounsin English and Chinese languages which are respectively familiar to English-speakingand Chinese-speaking gardening fans. This fact creates both challenges andopportunities for translators. In most of the cases, equivalence can be found between these two groups, such as “pruning” and “修剪”. A large number of similar casesmake sure that through translation of accuracy and professionalism, English-speakingreaders will find it easy to understand what a Chinese bonsai fan tries to tell them.However, there are still some minor proper nouns native to China and under such acircumstance, it is difficult to achieve equivalence. In sentence aspect, some activesentences in Chinese text should be passivized to keep it objective and accurate.Meantime, the complicated sentences, if necessary, should also be transformed. Indiscourse aspect, the author of the source text tries to embody his own Chinesephilosophical and aesthetic understanding in explaining how valuable those differentbonsais are. That may account for the difficulties the translator encounters with inpractice.

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Chapter Three Solutions to Major Difficulties .................................12

3.1 The Enlightenment of the Skopos Theory...........................12

3.1.1 Main Points.........................12

3.1.2 Appliance of the Theory in Translation..............................13

Chapter Four Conclusion and Recommendation..........................34

4.1 Main Findings.......................34

4.2 Suggestions and Recommendations..................................35

Chapter Three Solutions to Major Difficulties

3.1 The Enlightenment of the Skopos Theory

3.1.1 Main Points

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