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For reasonable, accurate, efficient translation of the material, detailed preparationsare made before, which includes: preview of contents, analysis of stylistic features,preparation of query tools, recognition of translator's subjectivity, analysis of targetlanguage audience, role-taking of translator and formulation of glossary.

2.1.1 Understanding the Source Text

Operator's User Guide of X SEM is chosen to be the source material of thistranslation report, and there are more than 23,000 words in the full text, which is dividedinto 15 chapters. Chapter One briefly introduces the operation manual; Chapter Twoillustrates safety; Chapter Three overviews SEM system; Chapter Four puts emphasis onthe core part of SEM—detectors; Chapter Five focuses on transport and storage; ChapterSix relates to installation; Chapter Seven specifically explains operation; Chapter Eightlists details in maintenance and repair; Chapter Nine relates to troubleshooting; ChapterTen concludes methods of shutdown and disposal; the other five chapters are the varieddescriptions of appendix.

The utmost important chapters, namely the core parts of this manual—Chapter Threeto Chapter Six are chosen to be source material of this translation practice. Chapter Threecomprehensively introduces all the detailed information of ΣIGMA system of X electronmicroscopy; Chapter Four gives detailed illustration of the most important part of SEM—detectors; Chapter Five and Six involves various considerations in shipment andassembling; Chapter Seven mainly describes practical operations.

Figure 2-11

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2.2 While Translation

For fulfilling the translation task effectively and efficiently, it is necessary toanalysize the key parts of Operator's User Guide during translation. They are concludedon the basis of analyzing the characteristics of text types.

2.2.1 Key Parts in Translation

As is mentioned above, Operator's User Guide of X SEM owns both informative andoperative features of text-oriented characteristics, in which the former one is given priority.It requires translators to focus on factual information transfer. In the light of informativetexts, Nord, the well-known scholar suggests that 'Instrumental Translation' should beadopted (Christine N.,1997). The so-called 'Instrumental Translation' means thattranslators should be audience-oriented. In other words, the translation should be put outfrom the perspective of audiences. The language and culture of original text is only forreference, the key of translation is to transfer the information of original text according tothe needs of audiences. The translation should be as appropriate as possible to audiences’culture, and help them understand and accept the original information by means ofconsidering their thinking patterns, cognitive domain and background knowledge (Hong Ping, 2002(9):19-23). The most important purpose of this translation practice is to providebetter guidance about how to solve problems to operators who mainly in charge of SEMhandling, installation and maintenance. For achieving the purpose of real informationtransfer, it’s a must to give full play to translators’ subjectivity in the whole translationpro本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。