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银行业在印度最初是出现是在十八世纪。印度的第一家银行是始于一七八六年的普通银行和印度银行，它们现在已经不存在了。一八零六年六月印度国家银行应运而生，它是现存的最古老的印度银行。印度国家银行是归政府所有的银行，同时也是全国最大的商业银行。印度储备银行目前对中央银行负责，中央银行在一九三五年正式从当时的印度皇家银行接管印度储备银行责任，接管它商业银行的功能的部分。当印度在一九四七年获得独立的时候，储备银行被收归国有，进而获得更广泛的权力。1969年印度政府将全国最大的14大商业银行收归国有并且在1980年将六个最大的银行国有化。

目前，印度有88个排定的商业银行（国有商业银行）—

27公共部门银行（即与政府共有股份）。

31家私人银行

38家外资银行。
The Banking sector in Indiaoriginated in the 18th century. In the first banks were The General Bank of India which started in 1786, and the Bank of Hindustan, both of which are now defunct. In June 1806 the State Bank of India comes into existence and it is the oldest existing bank in India. State Bank of India is a government - owned bank and is the largest commercial bank in the country. Reserve Bank of India is responsible for the central banking, which in 1935 formally took over these responsibilities from the then Imperial Bank of India, relegating it to commercial banking functions. In 1947 when India gets its independence, the Reserve Bank was nationalized and given broader powers. In 1969 the government nationalized the 14 largest commercial banks; the government nationalized the six next largest in 1980.

Currently,India has 88 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) -

27 public sector banks (that is with theGovernment of Indiaholding a stake).

31 private banks

38 foreign banks.

* They have a combined network of over 53,000 branches and 17,000ATMs. According to a report by ICRA Limited, a rating agency, the public sector banks hold over 75 percent of total assets of the banking industry, with the private and foreign banks holding 18.2% and 6.5% respectively

NATIONALISATION OF BANKING SECTOR

Nationalization of Banks in 1969 has been one of the significant economic, political and social events of Post Independent India. Apart from the fact that it had the imprint of the personality of Mrs. Indira Gandhi, it has several significances which merit attention.

The intervention of the state in the functioning of the banking sector itself. The ownership of the State gave a new confidence to the savers and being backed by a sovereign the normal suspicions associated with the capabilities of the bankers in the private sector were gone.

Banking ceased to be selective. The entry barriers that existed for customers to bank, social economic and political were lowered. This resulted in a massive quantitative expansion of the bank customer base as well as in the nature of services provided.

The reach of banking widened. Absence of concern for profitability and targeting made banks to expand rapidly in un-banked areas thereby the entire country was linked to banking activity.

The expansion of banks also expanded the economy. The entire infrastructure that required was built by themselves or by the citizens for their use.

A large employment base was created. Young men and women mostly from middle and poorer sections of society but qualified with the requisites got into the banking system and we see the results today.

Customers got acquainted with banking practices faster than it would otherwise have taken.

The well in